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saprobiontic
Saprobionts are organisms that digest their food externally and then absorb the products. Fungi are examples of saprobiontic organisms also known as decomposers.
Saprobiontic organisms feed off dead and or decaying matter, to digest this they excrete digestive enzymes which breaks down the cell tissues allowing the organism to extract the nutrients it needs to survive while leaving the indigestible waste. This is called extracellular digestion. This is very important in ecosystems, for the nutrient cycle.
They are a form of decomposer, but not to be confused with detritivors, who digest internally, such as Earthworms.
These organisms can be a good source of extra-cellular enzymes for use in industrial processes such as the production of fruit juice. For instance, the fungus ''Aspergillus niger'' is used to produce pectinase. An enzyme which is used to break down pectin in the concentrate to make the juice appear more translucent.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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