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''Schnorrer'' (שנאָרער; also spelled ''shnorrer'') is a Yiddish term meaning "beggar" or "sponger".〔''jewishencyclopedia.com'' - 〕 The word ''Schnorrer'' also occurs in German to describe a freeloader who frequently asks for little things, like cigarettes or little sums of money, without offering a return. The English usage of the word denotes a sly chiseler who will get money out of his acquaintances any way he can, often through an air of entitlement. A ''schnorrer'' is distinguished from an ordinary beggar by dint of his boundless chutzpah. Like "moocher", "schnorrer" does not apply to direct begging or destitution, but rather a habit of getting things (food, tools) by politely or insistently borrowing them with no intention of return. The term, which is used in a pejorative or ironic sense, can also be used as a backhanded compliment to someone's perseverance, cleverness, or thrift. For instance, Azriel Hildesheimer, known for his travels around Europe to spread his rabbinical wisdom to the poor, and for his refusal to accept payment for his services, was sometimes referred to as the "international ''schnorrer''" for his reliance on the local community to house and feed him wherever he went. Alternatively, Theodor Herzl described his early Eastern European immigrant supporters among the ''Ostjuden'', as his "army of ''schnorrers''".〔Paul Johnson, ''A History of the Jews'', p.398-99: "Herzl found himself visited by shabby, excitable Jews from distant parts, to the dismay of his fashionable wife, who grew to detest the very word Zionism. Yet these were the men who became the foot soldiers, indeed the NCOs and officers, in the Zionist legion; Herzl called them his 'army of schnorrers'. The 'army' met publicly for the first time on 29 August 1897..."〕 Israel Zangwill later described a ''schnorrer'' as a beggar who would chide a donor for not giving enough. The Schnorrer Club of Morrisania was a German-American social club in the Bronx, New York. Schnorrers sometimes begged for the dowries of poor women (Hakhnasat Kallah); a practice which was allowed even when it disrupted the public study of the Torah.〔''jewishvirtuallibrary.org'' - (Begging and Beggars )〕 Additionally, the word is the origin of the modern Hebrew verb לשנורר (leshnorer), which can be roughly defined as "getting small things without offering return." == In film and literature == *Israel Zangwill's 1894 novel ''The King of Schnorrers'' *Bernard Herrmann wrote an unsuccessful musical based on this novel. *At the end of Isaac Bashevis Singer's short story "Gimpel the Fool," Gimpel says another schnorrer is waiting to take his place. *Groucho Marx, in his movies, often assumed the role of a schnorrer. The word is used in the song "Hooray for Captain Spaulding" in the Marx Brothers' musical ''Animal Crackers'': "Hooray for Captain Spaulding/The African explorer/'Did someone call me schnorrer?'/Hooray, hooray, hooray!" *Dr. Zoidberg in ''Futurama'' is a Yiddish-accented anthropomorphic crustacean schnorrer. *Mordecai Richler's 1959 novel ''The Apprenticeship of Duddy Kravitz'' and its 1974 film adaptation *The comedian Jackie Mason often pokes fun at the stereotype of Jews as schnorrers. *The character of Father Phil Intintola on ''The Sopranos'', as played by Paul Schulze, self-deprecatingly refers to himself as a schnorrer, especially in regard to his always showing up when Carmela is cooking. *In the ''Northern Exposure'' episode "Northern Hospitality," Dr. Joel Fleishman is perceived as a schnorrer because of his failure to reciprocate dinner invitations. *In ''The Simpsons'' episode "The Cartridge Family," Krusty the Clown shouts "come on, you schnorrers, do something!" at soccer players. *In ''The Sopranos'' episode "College," Father Intinola questions whether he is a schnorrer after being accused of his hypocritical visits to the Soprano home. *George Costanza from ''Seinfeld'' is a schnorrer who will get money any way he can, as long as it doesn't require putting too much effort into it. *Alan Harper from ''Two and a Half Men'' is a schnorrer who habitually takes money from his brother Charlie. *Lucky Luciano from ''Boardwalk Empire'' -on the second episode of its fifth season- calls another character, Tonino Sandrelli, a schnorrer. It is interesting to note that, while Luciano is of Italian background, he did it in the company of two Yiddish-speaking characters. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「schnorrer」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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