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scorpion
Scorpions are predatory arachnids of the order Scorpiones. They have eight legs〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= SCORPION FACTS AND INFORMATION )〕 and are easily recognised by the pair of grasping pedipalps and the narrow, segmented tail, often carried in a characteristic forward curve over the back, ending with a venomous stinger. Scorpions range in size from 9 mm (''Typhlochactas mitchelli'') to 20 cm (''Hadogenes troglodytes'').
The evolutionary history of scorpions goes back to the Silurian era 430 million years ago. They have adapted to a wide range of environmental conditions and can now be found on all continents except Antarctica. Scorpions number about 1750 described species, with 13 extant families recognised to date. Only about 25 of these species are known to have venom capable of killing a human being.The taxonomy has undergone changes and is likely to change further, as genetic studies are bringing forth new information.
Scorpion stings are painful but are usually harmless. For stings from species found in the United States, no treatment is normally needed for healthy adults although medical care should be sought for children and for the elderly. Stings from species found elsewhere may require medical attention.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/scorpion-stings/basics/definition/con-20033894 )〕
==Etymology==
The word ''scorpion'' is thought to have originated in Middle English between 1175 and 1225 AD from Old French ', or from Italian ', both derived from the Latin word ', which is the romanization of the Greek word – '.〔(σκορπιός ), Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, ''A Greek-English Lexicon'', on Perseus.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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