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|image_size = 400px |image_caption = |image_seal = Shiraz government logo.svg |pushpin_map = Iran |pushpin_label_position = |pushpin_map_caption = Location of Shiraz in Iran |pushpin_mapsize = |coordinates_region = IR |subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_name = Iran |subdivision_type1 = Province |subdivision_name1 = Fars |subdivision_type2 = County |subdivision_name2 = Shiraz |subdivision_type3 = Bakhsh |subdivision_name3 = Central |government_footnotes = |government_type = |leader_title = Mayor |leader_name = Alireza Pakfetrat |leader_title1 = City council |leader_name1 = Gholam Mehdi Haghdel Mahmoudreza Taleban Zahra Yaghtin Fatemeh Hooshmand Ehsan Asnafi Bijan Zarei Ebrahim Sho'ara Ahmadreza Naghib Zadeh Mozaffar Mokhtari Shobeir Zare'e Khafri MohammadKazem Dastgheyb Zein Al Abedin Arab Mohammad Haghnegar |established_title = |established_date = |area_magnitude = |unit_pref = |area_footnotes = |area_total_km2 = 240 |area_land_km2 = 240 |area_water_km2 = 0 |area_total_sq_mi = 86.487 |area_land_sq_mi = 86.487 |area_water_sq_mi = 0 |area_water_percent = 0 |population_as_of = 2011 |population_footnotes = |population_note |population_total = 1,601,753 |population_blank1_title = Population Rank in Iran |population_blank1 = 6th |population_density_km2 = 6,670 |population_density_sq_mi = 18600 |timezone = IRST |utc_offset = +3:30 |timezone_DST = |utc_offset_DST = |latd=29 |latm=37 |lats= |latNS=N |longd=52 |longm=32 |longs= |longEW=E |coordinates_display = title |elevation_footnotes = |elevation_m = 1,500 |elevation_ft = 5,200 |postal_code_type = |postal_code = |area_code = 0713 |blank_name = Routes |blank_info = Future 18px Shiraz-Isfahan Freeway |blank_name1 = Licence plate |blank_info1 = 63-93 |website = |footnotes = }} Shiraz (; , ''Šīrāz'', (:ʃiːˈrɒːz), ) is the sixth most populous city of Iran〔After Tehran, Mashhad, Esfahan, Tabriz and Karaj; in 2006 Shiraz had a total population of 1,214,808〕 and the capital of Fars Province (Old Persian as Pârsâ). In 2009, the population of the city was 1,455,073. Shiraz is located in the southwest of Iran on the Roodkhaneye Khoshk (Dry River) seasonal river. It has a moderate climate and has been a regional trade center for over a thousand years. It is regarded as one of the oldest cities of ancient Persia. The earliest reference to the city, as ''Tiraziš'', is on Elamite clay tablets dated to 2000 BC.〔Cameron, George G. ''Persepolis Treasury Tablets'', University of Chicago Press, 1948:115.〕 In the 13th century, Shiraz became a leading center of the arts and letters, due to the encouragement of its ruler and the presence of many Persian scholars and artists. It was the capital of Persia during the Zand dynasty from 1750 until 1781, as well as briefly during the Saffarid period. Two famous poets of Iran, Hafez and Saadi, are from Shiraz. Shiraz is known as the city of poets, literature, wine and flowers.〔((Iran Chamber Society) "Shiraz" (php file) ); ("Shiraz" )〕 It is also considered by many Iranians to be the city of gardens, due to the many gardens and fruit trees that can be seen in the city. Shiraz has had major Jewish and Christian communities. The crafts of Shiraz consist of inlaid mosaic work of triangular design; silver-ware; pile carpet-weaving and weaving of kilim, called ''gilim'' and ''jajim'' in the villages and among the tribes. In Shiraz industries such as cement production, sugar, fertilizers, textile products, wood products, metalwork and rugs dominate. Shirāz also has a major oil refinery and is also a major center for Iran's electronic industries: 53% of Iran's electronic investment has been centered in Shiraz.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=ARSH Co. site )〕 Shiraz is home to Iran's first solar power plant. Recently the city's first wind turbine has been installed above Babakoohi mountain near the city. ==Etymology== The earliest reference to the city is on Elamite clay tablets dated to 2000 BCE, found in June 1970, while digging to make a kiln for a brick factory in the south western corner of the city. The tablets written in ancient Elamite name a city called ''Tiraziš''.〔Cameron, George G. ''Persepolis Treasury Tablets'', University of Chicago Press, 1948, pp. 115.〕 Phonetically, this is interpreted as /tiračis/ or /ćiračis/. This name became Old Persian /širājiš/; through regular sound change comes the modern Persian name ''Shirāz''. The name Shiraz also appears on clay sealings found at a 2nd-century CE Sassanid ruin, east of the city. By some of the native writers, the name Shiraz has derived from a son of Tahmuras, the third Shāh (King) of the world according to Ferdowsi's Shāhnāma. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「shiraz」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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