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Shukr (Arabic شكر ), an Arabic term denoting thankfulness, gratitude, or acknowledgment by humans, is a highly esteemed virtue in Islam. The term may also be used if the subject is God, in which case it takes the meaning of "divine responsiveness".〔 In a Sufi context, ''shukr'' is an internal state and its external expression. It is considered a station (''maḳām'') of the wayfarer (''sālik''). ==God== When the subject of ''shukr'' is God, the concept signifies "requiting and commending (person )", "forgiving" a person, or "regarding" the person "with content, satisfaction, good will"; and thus, necessarily, "recompensing". In fact, the Arabic saying ''shakara 'llāhu saʿyahu'' mean "May God recompense, or reward, his work or labour". One of the beautiful names of God is ''al-Shakūr'',〔Mentioned in , , , 〕 meaning "He who approves, or rewards, or forgives, much; He in whose estimation small, or few, works performed by His servants increase, and who multiplies His rewards to them". The Qur'an refers to Him by ''al-Shākir''〔This is mentioned in II, 158; IV, 147〕 too. God is considered ''al-Shakūr'' in the sense that He widely extends His favors. God's ''shukr'' is not to be considered thankfulness in a literal sense. Rather God's ''shukr'' is a recompense to man for doing good, (just as man is recomposed for committing offenses). According to al-Ghazali, God is absolutely grateful, because of His unlimited multiplication of the reward of the pious, as they shall receive eternal bliss in Paradise. Al-Maksad writes that God's praise for man's good deeds is praise for His own work, since the good of man is His creation.〔"Shukr", ''Encyclopaedia of Islam''〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「shukr」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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