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signifer
A signifer was a standard bearer of the Roman legions. He carried a ''signum'' (standard) for a cohort or century. Each century had a ''signifer'' (thus, there were 59 in a legion) and within each cohort the first century's ''signifer'' would be the senior.
==Signifer as the standard-bearer==
The ''signum'' he carried was the military emblem of that unit. It comprised a number of ''philarae'' (disks or medallions) along with a number of other elements mounted on a pole. The pole could be topped with a leaf-shaped spear head or a ''manus'' (open human hand) image denoting the oath of loyalty taken by the soldiers. It sometimes included a representation of a wreath, probably denoting an honour or award.
The task of carrying the ''signum'' in battle was dangerous as the soldier had to stand in the first rank and could carry only a small buckler. It was this banner that the men from each individual century would rally around. A soldier could also gain the position of ''discentes signiferorum'', or standard bearer in training. If the signifer was lost in battle, the whole unit was dishonored.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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