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Simvastatin, marketed under the trade name Zocor among others, is a lipid lowering medication.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.drugs.com/monograph/simvastatin.html )〕 It is used along with exercise, diet, and weight loss to decrease elevated lipid levels. It is also used to decrease the risk of heart problems in those at high risk. It is taken by mouth.〔 Serious side effects may include muscle breakdown, liver problems, and increased blood sugar levels. Common side effects include constipation, headaches, and nausea. A lower dose may be needed in people with kidney problems.〔 There is evidence of harm to a baby when taken during pregnancy.〔 It should not be used by those who are breastfeeding. It is in the statin class of medications and works by decreasing the manufacture of cholesterol by the liver.〔 Simvastatin was developed by Merck and came into medical use in 1992. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, the most important medications needed in a basic health system. It is available as a generic medication.〔 The wholesale cost is 0.01 to 0.12 USD per day as of 2014.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://erc.msh.org/dmpguide/resultsdetail.cfm?language=english&code=SIM10T&s_year=2014&year=2014&str=10%20mg&desc=Simvastatin&pack=new&frm=TAB-CAP&rte=PO&class_code2=12%2E6%2E&supplement=&class_name=%2812%2E6%2E%29Lipid-lowering%20agents%3Cbr%3E )〕 In the United States it costs between 0.50 and 1.00 USD per day.〔 Simvastatin is made from the fungus ''Aspergillus terreus''.〔 ==Medical uses== The primary uses of simvastin are to treat dyslipidemia and to prevent atherosclerosis-related complications such as stroke and heart attacks in those who are at high risk.〔 It is recommended to be used as an addition to a low cholesterol diet.〔 In the Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study (a placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial of 5 years duration), simvastatin reduced overall mortality in people with existing cardiovascular disease and high LDL cholesterol by 30% and reduced cardiovascular mortality by 42%. The risks of heart attack, stroke, or needing a coronary revascularization procedure were reduced by 37%, 28%, and 37% respectively. The Heart Protection Study evaluated the effects of simvastatin in people with risk factors including existing cardiovascular disease, diabetes, or stroke but having relatively low LDL cholesterol. In this trial, which lasted 5.4 years, overall mortality was reduced by 13% and cardiovascular mortality was reduced by 18%. People receiving simvastatin experienced 38% fewer non-fatal heart attacks and 25% fewer strokes. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「simvastatin」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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