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sir2
Sir2 (whose homolog in mammals is known as SIRT1, SIR2L1 or Sir2α) was the first gene of the sirtuin genes to be found. It was found in budding yeast, and, since then, members of this highly conserved family have been found in nearly all organisms studied. Sirtuins are hypothesized to play a key role in an organism's response to stresses (such as heat or starvation) and to be responsible for the lifespan-extending effects of calorie restriction.
==Nomenclature in various organisms==
The three letter yeast gene symbol ''Sir'' stands for Silent Information Regulator while the number ''2'' is representative of the fact that it was the second SIR gene discovered and characterized. The term sirtuin is derived from Sir2 and stands for ''Silent Information Regulator Two (Sir2) protein''.
The name Sir2 is used for the enzyme in the yeast ''Saccharomyces cerevisiae'' (where it was first discovered), in the fruit fly ''Drosophila melanogaster'', while in the roundworm, ''Caenorhabditis elegans'', Sir-2.1 is used to denote the gene product most similar to yeast Sir2 in structure and activity.〔(WormBase Protein Summary: Sir-2.1 )〕〔http://mediwire.skyscape.com/main/Default.aspx?P=Content&ArticleID=174239 Skyscape Content: Do antiaging approaches promote longevity?〕
The various sirtuins in mammals are referred to as SIRT1-SIRT7 with SIRT1 being the mammalian ortholog closest in structure and function to Sir2.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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