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Sitapur is a town and a municipal board in Sitapur district in the state of Uttar Pradesh, India. It is in the Lucknow Division. The town is located on the banks of river Sarayan, halfway between Lucknow and Shahjahanpur and is well connected to state capital Lucknow by the National Highway No. 24. In British India, it was spelled as Citapore and was a cantonment, garrisoned by a portion of a British regiment. The traditional origin for the name is said to be by the King Vikramāditya from Lord Ram's wife Sita. ==History and legend== Little is known about the history of Sitapur. Legends connect many places in episodes in Mahabharata and Ramayana.There is a usual tradition of a raid by a general of Ghazi Saiyyad Salar Masud. The rise of Rajput power, according to tradition of great clan which held the district, was somewhat later than in Southern Oudh (Avadh). The influx continued till the reign of Aurangzeb. The Rajputs generally found the soil occupied by the Pasis, whom they crushed or drove away. Under the early kings of Muhammadan kings of Delhi, the country was normally ruled by the Governor of Bahraich, but little authority was exercised. In the fifteenth century, the district was included in the new kingdom of Jaunpur. About 1527, Humayun occupied Khairabad, then the chief town; but it was not until the accession of Akbar that the Afghans were driven out of the neighborhood. Under Akbar, the present district formed the part of four Sarkars - Khairabad, Bahraich, Oudh, and Lucknow - all located in the Subah of Oudh. Khairabad was held for sometime by the rebels of Oudh in 1567 but throughout the Mughal period and the rule of Nawabs and Kings of Oudh, the district is seldom referred to by the native historians.〔The Imperial Gazetteer of India Volume 2 Page 54. Available at http://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V23_060.gif〕 Early in nineteenth century, it was governed by Hakim Mahdi Ali Khan, a capable minister of Naseerundden Haider, and some years later Sleeman noted that it was unusually quiet as far as great landholders were concerned. At annexation in 1856, Sitapur was selected as headquarters of one district and Mallanpur (currently a village in Tambaur Development Block of District Sitapur. It is the same place where Sharda and Ghaghra rivers meet.) as the headquarters of another, which lay between Chauka and Ghaghra rivers. Sitapur figured prominently in the First War of Independence, 1857. In that year, three regiments of native infantry and a regiment of military police were quartered in Sitapur Cantonment. The troops rose on the morning of 3 June, fired on their officers, many of whom were killed, as were also several military and civil officers with their wives and children in the attempt to escape. Ultimately many of the fugitives succeeded in reaching Lucknow, while others obtained the protection of loyal zamindars. On 13 April 1858, Sir Hope Grant inflicted a severe defeat on the rebels near Biswan. Order was completely restored before the end of that year.〔Imperial Gazetteer of India Volume 2. Available at http://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V23_062.gif〕 It is a land of seers and sufis and dalits. According to Hindu mythology, Puranas were written by Rishi Ved Vyas at Vyas Gaddi in modern-day Naimisharanya. Sitapur is one of the five sacred places the Hindus have to visit in their Panch Dham Yatra journey. Misrikh, near Naimisharanya, holds its religious significance due to the belief that Maharshi Dadhichi donated his bones to Devatas for making Vajras. Dargah of Hazrat Maqdoom Shaikh Shaduddin (Bada Maqdoom) at Khairabad and Hazrat Gulzar Shah are the symbols of communal harmony. According to Abdul Fazal's Aina Akbari this place was called Chatyapur or Chitiapur during the reign of Akbar. This place is concerned with ancient, medieval and modern history.The contribution of Sitapur can not be avoided in social, historical, political and literary field in the country. Many freedom fighters gave their life to free India from British rule. Capt. Manoj Pandey sacrificed his life in the Kargil War and honored his birthplace with Param Veer Chakra. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「sitapur」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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