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The Slumbercoach is an 85-foot-long, 24 single room, eight double room streamlined sleeping car. Built in 1956 by the Budd Company for the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad for service on the ''Denver Zephyr'', subsequent orders were placed in 1958 and 1959 by the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad and Missouri Pacific Railroad for the ''Texas Eagle''/''National Limited'', then in 1959 by the Northern Pacific Railway for its ''North Coast Limited'' and also the New York Central Railroad for use on the ''20th Century Limited''. == History == The Slumbercoach, in economic terms, was part of the American railways’ attempt, in the 1950s, to recapture market share lost to airlines, buses and the automobile by providing upgraded accommodations for non-first class passengers. Demand for private accommodation (bedrooms and roomettes) remained high, while demand for the traditional Pullman open section was declining. Other types of economy sleeping car did not have the capacity of the Slumbercoach: sixteen duplex roomette-four double bedroom car slept only 24, while the traditional sixteen section tourist Pullman slept 32. Thus, the Slumbercoach, sleeping 40, allowed railways to offer coach passengers private sleeping car accommodation at little more than coach fare. In its first year of using Slumbercoaches on the ''North Coast Limited,'' the Northern Pacific Railway averaged a 27 (out of 32 available) room occupancy rate, and a 34 (out of 40 at full capacity) passenger occupancy rate." In late 1964 and early 1965, the Northern Pacific bought eight Slumbercoaches second-hand. Four came from the New York Central, three from the Baltimore and Ohio, and the Missouri Pacific's lone car. This enabled the NP to expand Slumbercoaches to their secondary transcontinental passenger train the ''Mainstreeter'', and to discontinue the pooling of Slumbercoaches between the ''North Coast Limited'' and Burlington's ''Denver Zephyr''.〔 A total of eighteen Slumbercoaches were built by Budd, with an additional ten rebuilt from Budd 22 roomette sleepers by the New York Central. (On the Central these were known as ''Sleepercoaches.'') Unlike the original eighteen, the rebuilds had ten duplex and sixteen single rooms, giving a maximum capacity of 36. Amtrak operated all of these cars, save for three previously wrecked and scrapped by the New York Central. Two, built for the Baltimore and Ohio's ''Columbian'', were not acquired by Amtrak until the early 1980s.〔 The first Amtrak loss was on July 7, 1984, when the northbound ''Montrealer'' hit a washed-out culvert, destroying Slumbercoach 2083, originally owned by the New York Central Railroad. About the same time, ex-''Denver Zephyr'' Slumbercoach 2086, the ''Silver Siesta'', was burned by vandals between runs at Sunnyside Yard in Queens, New York. Most of Amtrak's remaining Slumbercoaches were retired in the 1990s with the last being put up for sale in 2001.〔 Internationally, the Slumbercoach can be compared to second-class or "hard" sleeper facilities on Asian and European lines, but economically comparable facilities such as those provided on the ''Train Bleu'' between Paris and the south of France, which de-emphasized privacy, and in place of this provided multiple-occupant ''couchette'' compartments with fold-away beds. The development of midlevel accommodation like the Slumbercoach has ceased, due to changing demand in mass transit. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「slumbercoach」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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