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socken
Socken is the name used for a part of a county in Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden. A socken was formerly linked to a parish but is now a traditional area with other borders than the original parishes. In some parts of Sweden the use of "socken" as a way to describe an area is more prominent than in others. A socken may also have the same name as a locality or parish.
==History==
Socken, in old Swedish ''sokn'', Danish or bokmål ''sogn'', nynorsk ''sokn'', is an archaic name for the original country church parishes, ''kyrksocken''. It also describes a secular area, a ''sockenkommun'' ("rural area locality") or a taxation area, a ''jordbokssocken''. In the Nordic countries a socken was an administrative area consisting of several villages or localities in much the same way as the civil parishes in England, but the concept is not used in reference to towns. A socken had a socken church, it was governed by a socken council and it was the predecessor to modern municipalities
In 1862, the ''kyrksockens'' ("church socken") and the ''sockenkommuns'' ("rural area locality") in Sweden were abolished as administrative areas during municipality reforms. The ''jordbrukssocken'' ("taxation area") remained in use until the ''Fastighetsdatareformen'' ("Reform for registration of real property") 1976–1995 was complete. No further alterations to the sockens was made after this.
Even though the term socken is no longer used administratively in Sweden, it is still used for cataloging and registering historical archives (Swedish National Heritage Board), botany, dialect research, toponymy and by local historical societies. Socken is a convenient parameter for these purposes since it does not change with time.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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