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A somersault (also ''flip'', ''heli'', etc., from the obsolete French word ''sombresault'', Occitan ''sobresaut''; and Latin - ''supra'', over, and ''saltus'', jump, and in gymnastics a ''Salto'') is an acrobatic exercise in which a person's body rotates 360° around a horizontal axis with the feet passing over the head.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=https://usagym.org/pages/gymnastics101/glossary.html )〕 A somersault can be performed either forwards, backwards, or sideways and can be executed in the air or on the ground. When performed on the ground it is typically called a roll. ==Types== There are many variations of front and back somersaults. Somersaults can be performed in multiples, or multiples of quarter body revolutions, in some cases with additional twist rotations or ending in body landings, producing variations such as: *Crash dive (3/4 front somersault to back landing) *Lazy back (3/4 back somersault to front landing) *Ballout (1 front somersault to feet from back landing) *Cody (1 back somersault to feet from front landing) *Barani (front somersault with 1/2 twist) *Rudolph (or Rudi) (front somersault with 1 twists) *Randolph (or Randi) (front somersault with 2 twists) *Adolf (or Adi) (front somersault with 3 twists) *Full back or frontfull (back somersault or front somersault with 1 twist) less common with single backs *Double (double front or back somersault) *Triple (triple front or back somersault) *Arabian (half-in, front somersault) *Arabian Double (half-in, double front somersault) *Arabian Double half-out (half-in, double front somersault with 1/2 twist in the second somersault) *Double full (back somersault with 2 twists) *Triple full (back somersault with 3 twists) *Quadruple full (back somersault with 4 twists) *Thomas (1 1/2 back somersault with 1 1/2 twists to front dive roll) *Thomas Full In (Thomas salto with an additional full twist) *Back half-out (double back somersault with 1/2 twist in the second somersault) *Front half-out (double front somersault with 1/2 twist in the second somersault) *Back in - full out (double back somersault with 1 twist in the second somersault) *Front in - full out (double front somersault with 1 twist in the first somersault) *Back Full In (double back somersault with 1/2 twist in the first somersault and 1/2 twist in the second somersault) *Front Full In (double front somersault with 1/2 twist in the first somersault and 1/2 twist in the second somersault) *Back Full In half-out (double back somersault with 1/2 twist in both somersaults and an extra 1/2 twist in the second somersault) *Front Full In half-out (double front somersault with 1/2 twist in both somersaults and an extra 1/2 twist in the second somersault) *Back Double Double (double back somersault with 1 twist in both somersaults) *Front Double Double (double front somersault with 1 twist in both somersaults) *Back Double Double half-out (double back somersault with 1 twist in both somersaults and an extra 1/2 twist in the second somersault) *Front Double Double half-out (double front somersault with 1 twist in both somersaults and an extra 1/2 twist in the second somersault) *Back Triple Double (double back somersault with 1 1/2 twists in both somersaults) *Front Triple Double (double front somersault with 1 1/2 twists in both somersaults) 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「somersault」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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