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songket
Songket is a fabric that belongs to the brocade family of textiles of Indonesia, Malaysia and Brunei. It is hand-woven in silk or cotton, and intricately patterned with gold or silver threads. The metallic threads stand out against the background cloth to create a shimmering effect. In the weaving process the metallic threads are inserted in between the silk or cotton weft (latitudinal) threads in a technique called supplementary weft weaving technique.
==Etymology==
The term ''songket'' comes from the Malay word ''sungkit'', which means "to hook". It has something to do with the method of songket making; to hook and pick a group of threads, and then slip the gold and silverthreads in it. Another theory suggested that it was constructed from the combination of two terms; ''tusuk'' (prick) and ''cukit'' (pick) that combined as ''sukit'', modified further as ''sungki'' and finally ''songket''.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= Songket Weaving of Palembang, South Sumatra )〕 Some says that the word ''songket'' was derived from ''songka'', a Palembang cap in which gold threads was first woven.〔(Gold Cloths of Sumatra: Indonesia’s Songkets from Ceremony to Commodity'' ), Cantor Art Gallery, Worcester, Massachusetts, 2007, by Susan Rodgers, Anne Summerfield, John Summerfield〕
The Indonesian word ''menyongket'' means ‘to embroider with gold or silver threads’. Songket is a luxury product traditionally worn during ceremonial occasions as sarong, shoulder cloths or head ties and tanjak, a headdress songket. Songket were worn at the courts of Kingdoms in Sumatra especially the Srivijaya, as the source and the origin of Malay culture in Southeast Asia.〔("The Art of Songket" )〕 In the early kingdom age, Songkets are also traditionally worn as an apparel by the Indonesian royal families in Sumatra such as the Deli Sultanate in Medan, Serdang Sultanate, Palembang Sultanate in Palembang and the recently restored royal house in Jambi. Traditionally women are the weavers of songket, however in this modern time men also are known to weave it as well.〔
Songket is known in many names in vernacular Indonesian languages. For example, it is known as ''songke'' in Manggarai, Flores, and Bima, Sumbawa, while it is known as ''songket'' in Bali and Java. The Karo Batak call it ''jongkit''. People in Ternate, Maluku, call it ''suje'', while the Buginese in South Sulawesi call it ''subbi’'' and ''arekare’'' and the Iban Dayak in West Kalimantan call it ''pilih'' or ''pileh''.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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