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songun
''Songun'' (or, alternatively, ''Seon'gun'') is North Korean "military first" policy, prioritizing the Korean People's Army in the affairs of state and allocation of resources. "Military first" as a principle guides political and economic life in North Korea, with "military-first politics" dominating the political system; "a line of military-first economic construction" acting as an economic system; and "military-first ideology" serving as the guiding ideology.
''Songun'' elevates the Korean People's Army within North Korea as an organization and as a state function, granting it the primary position in the North Korean government and society. It guides domestic policy and international interactions.〔Alexander V. Vorontsov, ‘North Korean Military-first policy: A curse or a blessing?’ ''Brookings Institution'', 26 May 2006, 26 March 2007.〕 It is the framework for the government, designating the military as the "supreme repository of power". The North Korean government grants the Korean People's Army the highest economic and resource-allocation priority and positions it as the model for society to emulate.〔Jae Kyu Park, "North Korea since 2000 and prospects for Inter Korean Relations" ''Korea.net'', 19 Jan 2006, 12 May 2007.〕 ''Songun'' is also the ideological concept behind a shift in policies since 1994 which emphasize the people's military over all other aspects of state and society.
== History ==
The ''songun'' era began in 1960 when a young Kim Jong-il, together with his father Kim Il-sung, visited the Seoul 105th Guards Armored Division HQ in Pyongyang on August 25. It was the first of Kim Jong-il's many visits to various Korean People's Army installations across North Korea. August 25 is now a national North Korean holiday.
''Songun'' did not appear as an official government policy until after Kim Il-sung's death in 1994. In 1995, "military first" policies were introduced as "a revolutionary idea of attaching great importance to the army" and as "a politics emphasizing the perfect unity and the single-hearted unity of the party, army and the people, and the role of the army as the vanguards"〔ongun'' politics is the guarantee that will secure the re-unification of the Fatherland."〔("N. Korea's Songun ideology the Next ''Juche''?" ), ''Chosun Ilbo'', 3 May 2005. Retrieved 11 May 2007.〕 North Korea also credits ''songun'' with safeguarding the peace on the peninsula and claims that it is the only thing preventing the United States from attacking North Korea.〔("N. Korean Propaganda Machine Judders Into Action" ), ''Chosun Ilbo'', 3 August 2006. Retrieved 11 May 2007.〕 ''Songun'' has become intrinsic to North Korea's domestic politics, foreign policy and decision-making, making a place alongside ''juche'' as a guiding principle of the regime.
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