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spazzacamini
Spazzacamini (Italian language, meaning ''chimey sweep children''; widely used in German-language Switzerland as ''Kaminfegerkinder'') were called child laborers in 19th and early 20th century Switzerland.
== History and origin ==
Most of the usually 8 to 12 year old boys were from the canton of Ticino, coveted by their ''padroni'' chimney sweepers, because they were small and narrow, and therefore able to climb the narrow chimneys and to clean them. When the usually boys reached the top of the chimneys, they had to shout "Spazzacamini" to prove that they were actually climbed up the dark, stuffy fireplaces. The working conditions were catastrophic. For lunch, the children often had nothing to eat and had to go begging for bread, and they had often to sleep in stables. The boys were hired in the winter, so at the family tables in the bad developed valleys of Ticino one less mouth had to be stuffed. At that time, there was in Ticino partly bitter poverty and hunger in the winter months. Many children came from the Valle Verzasca, the Cento Valli and also from the Italian Val Vigezzo valleys, and frequently worked in northern Italy.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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