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|Section2= |Section3= |Section4= }} Spermine is a polyamine involved in cellular metabolism found in all eukaryotic cells. The precursor for synthesis of spermine is the amino acid ornithine. It is found in a wide variety of organisms and tissues and is an essential growth factor in some bacteria. It is found as a polycation at physiological pH. Spermine is associated with nucleic acids and is thought to stabilize helical structure, in particular, in viruses. Crystals of spermine phosphate were first described in 1678, in human semen, by Antonie van Leeuwenhoek.〔Leeuwenhoek, A. van (1678) Observationes D. Anthonii Leeuwenhoek, de natis e semine genitali animalculis. Letter dated November 1677. ''Philos. Trans. Roy. Soc. London'', 12,1040-1043.〕 The name ''spermin'' was first used by the German chemists Ladenburg and Abel in 1888,〔Ladenburg A., Abel J. (1888) Über das Aethylenimin (Spermin?). ''Ber. Dtsch. chem. Ges.'' 21: 758-766〕 and the correct structure of spermine was not finally established until 1926, simultaneously in England (by Dudley, Rosenheim, and Starling)〔(Dudley H. W., Rosenheim O., Starling W. W. (1926) The chemical constitution of spermine. III.Structure and synthesis. ''Biochemical Journal'' 20(5): 1082-1094 )〕 and Germany (by Wrede et al.).〔Wrede F. (1925) Über die aus menschlichem Sperma isolierte Base Spermin. ''Dtsch. Med. Wochenschr.'' 51: 24〕 This compound is documented as being what primarily contributes to the characteristic odor of semen.〔Klein, David (2013) Organic Chemistry, 2nd Edition.〕 ==References== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「spermine」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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