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spondylosis
Spondylosis (from Ancient Greek σφόνδυλος ''spóndylos'', "a vertebra", in plural "vertebrae – the backbone") is degenerative osteoarthritis of the joints between the center of the spinal vertebrae or neural foramina. If this condition occurs in the zygapophysial joints, it can be considered facet syndrome. If severe, it may cause pressure on nerve roots with subsequent sensory or motor disturbances, such as pain, paresthesia, and muscle weakness in the limbs.
When the space between two adjacent vertebrae narrows, compression of a nerve root emerging from the spinal cord may result in radiculopathy (sensory and motor disturbances, such as severe pain in the neck, shoulder, arm, back, or leg, accompanied by muscle weakness). Less commonly, direct pressure on the spinal cord (typically in the cervical spine) may result in myelopathy, characterized by global weakness, gait dysfunction, loss of balance, and loss of bowel or bladder control. The patient may experience shocks (paresthesia) in hands and legs because of nerve compression and lack of blood flow. If vertebrae of the neck are involved it is labelled cervical spondylosis. Lower back spondylosis is labeled lumbar spondylosis.
==Causes==
Spondylosis can affect a person at any age; however, older people are more susceptible.〔Newman & Santiago, 2013〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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