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squirrel
Squirrels are members of the family Sciuridae, consisting of small or medium-size rodents. The family includes tree squirrels, ground squirrels, chipmunks, marmots (including woodchucks), flying squirrels, and prairie dogs. Squirrels are indigenous to the Americas, Eurasia, and Africa, and have been introduced to Australia. The earliest known squirrels date from the Eocene and are most closely related to the mountain beaver and to the dormouse among living rodent families.
== Etymology ==
That word "squirrel", first specified in 1327, comes from the Anglo-Norman ''esquirel'' which is from the Old French ''escurel'', the reflex of a Latin word ''sciurus''. This Latin word was borrowed from the Ancient Greek word σκίουρος, ''skiouros'', which means shadow-tailed, referring to the bushy appendage possessed by many of its members.〔Whitaker & Elman (1980): 370〕
The native Old English word for the squirrel, ''ācweorna'', survived only into Middle English (as ''aquerne'') before being replaced.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Squirrel )〕 The Old English word is of Common Germanic origin, cognates of which are still used in other Germanic languages, including the German ''Eichhörnchen'' (diminutive of ''Eichhorn'', which is not used), the Norwegian ''ikorn/ekorn'', the Dutch ''eekhoorn'', the Swedish ''ekorre'' and the Danish ''egern''.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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