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A stagecoach is a type of covered wagon used to carry passengers and goods inside. It is strongly sprung and generally drawn by four horses, usually four-in-hand. Widely used before the introduction of railway transport, it made regular trips between ''stages'' or stations, which were places of rest provided for stagecoach travelers. The business of running stagecoaches or the act of journeying in them was known as staging. Originating in England, familiar images of the stagecoach are that of a Royal Mail coach passing through a turnpike gate, a Dickensian passenger coach covered in snow pulling up at a coaching inn, and a highwayman demanding a coach to "stand and deliver". The yard of ale drinking glass is associated by legend with stagecoach drivers, though was mainly used for drinking feats and special toasts.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Yard-of-ale glass (drinking glass) -- Britannica Online Encyclopedia )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The Yard of Ale : Our History )〕 ==Description== The stagecoach was a four-wheeled vehicle pulled by horses or mules. The primary requirement was that it was used as a public conveyance, running on an established route and schedule. Vehicles that were used included buckboards and dead axle wagons, surplus Army ambulances and celerity (or mud) coaches. Selection of the vehicle was made by the owner of the stage line, and he would choose the most efficient vehicle based upon the load to be carried, the road conditions, and the weather; and used a two, four or six-horse team based upon those factors and the type of car. The stagecoach was supported on the ''thoroughbraces'', which were leather straps supporting the body of the carriage and serving as shock absorbing springs (the stagecoach itself was sometimes called a "thoroughbrace").〔 The front or after compartment of a Continental stagecoach was called a ''coupé'' or ''coupe''. An inside passenger or seat was an ''inside'', while an outside passenger or seat was an ''outside''. On the outside were two back seats facing one another, which the British called ''baskets''. In addition to the ''stage driver'' who guided the vehicle, a ''shotgun messenger'', armed with a ''coach gun'', often rode as a guard. The stagecoach traveled at an average speed of about five miles per hour, with the total daily mileage covered being around 60 or 70 miles.〔(Waymarking.com )〕 The term "stage" originally referred to the distance between stations on a route, the coach traveling the entire route in "stages," but through metonymy it came to apply to the coach. A fresh set of horses would be staged at the next station, so the coach could continue after a quick stop to rehitch the new horse team. Under this staging system, the resting, watering and feeding of the spent horses would not delay the coach. The stagecoach was also called a stage or stage carriage. Sub-types included: * mail coach or post coach: used for carrying mail. * mud coach: lighter and smaller, with flat sides and simpler joinery. * road coach: revived in the United Kingdom during the last half of the 19th century. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「stagecoach」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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