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Suboxides are a class of oxides wherein the electropositive element is in excess relative to the “normal” oxides.〔Simon, A. ”Group 1 and 2 Suboxides and Subnitrides — Metals with Atomic Size Holes and Tunnels” Coordination Chemistry Reviews 1997, volume 163, Pages 253–270.〕 When the electropositive element is a metal, the compounds are sometimes referred to as “metal-rich”. Thus the normal oxide of caesium is Cs2O, which is described as a Cs+ salt of O2−. A suboxide of caesium is Cs11O3, where the charge on Cs is clearly less than 1+, but the oxide is still described as O2−. Suboxides typically feature extensive bonding between the electropositive element, often leading to clusters. Examples of suboxides include * Carbon suboxide, C3O2; * Boron suboxide, B6O; * Rubidium suboxide, Rb9O2; * Silicon suboxide, SiO''x'' (x < 2) ==Metal-containing suboxides== Suboxides are intermediates along the pathway that forms the normal oxide. Suboxides are sometimes visible when certain metals are exposed to small amounts of O2: :22 Cs + 3 O2 → 2 Cs11O3 :4 Cs11O3 + 5 O2 → 22 Cs2O Several suboxides of caesium and rubidium have been characterized by X-ray crystallography. As of 1997, the inventory includes the following Rb9O2, Rb6O, Cs11O3, Cs4O, Cs7O, Cs11O3Rb, Cs11O3Rb2, and Cs11O3Rb3.〔 They are generally colored compounds indicating a degree of electron delocalisation. Cs7O, has a unit cell containing a Cs10O3 cluster and 10 Cs atoms. The cluster can be visualised as being composed of three face-sharing octahedra. In the picture below the caesium atoms are purple and the oxygen atoms are red. The Cs-Cs distance in the cluster is 376 pm, which is less than the Cs-Cs distance in the metal of 576 pm. Rb9O2 and Rb6O both contain the Rb9O2 cluster, which can be visualised as two face-sharing octahedra. Rb6O can be formulated as (Rb9O2)Rb3. The Rb-Rb distance in the cluster is 352 pm which is shorter than the Rb-Rb in the metal of 485 pm. It is suggested that caesium suboxides play a role in the Ag-O-Cs (S1) and multialkali Na-K-Sb-Cs photocathodes.〔''Oxides: solid state chemistry'', ''WH McCarrroll Encyclopedia of Inorganic chemistry''. Editor R Bruce King, John Wiley and Sons. (1994) ISBN 0-471-93620-0〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「suboxide」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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