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A sulfoxide is a chemical compound containing a sulfinyl (SO) functional group attached to two carbon atoms. It is a polar functional group. Sulfoxides are the oxidized derivatives of sulfides. Examples of important sulfoxides are alliin, a precursor to the compound that gives freshly crushed garlic its aroma, and DMSO, a common solvent.〔"Syntheses of Sulphones, Sulphoxides and Cyclic Sulphides" Saul Patai, Zvi Rappoport, Eds., 1995, John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 9780470666357. 〕 ==Structure and bonding== Sulfoxides feature a pyramidal sulfur center with relatively short S-O distances. In DMSO, the S-O distance is 1.531 Å.〔R. Thomas, C. B. Shoemaker and K. Eriks "The molecular and crystal structure of dimethyl sulfoxide, (H3C)2SO Acta Cryst. 1966, vol. 21, 12-20. ,〕 Sulfoxides are generally represented with the structural formula R–S(=O)–R', where R and R' are organic groups. The bond between the sulfur and oxygen atoms is intermediate of a dative bond and a polarized double bond. The S–O interaction has an electrostatic aspect, resulting in significant dipolar character, with negative charge centered on oxygen. A lone pair of electrons resides on the sulfur atom giving it tetrahedral geometry if one considers the lone pair or trigonal pyramidal if the lone pair is ignored.(See VSEPR theory) When the two organic residues are dissimilar, the sulfur is a chiral center, for example, methylphenylsulfoxide. The energy required to invert this stereocenter is sufficiently high that sulfoxides are optically stable, that is, the rate of racemization is slow at room temperature. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「sulfoxide」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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