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syringetin
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Syringetin is an O-methylated flavonol, a type of flavonoid. It is found in red grape (absent in white grape),〔(Metabolite Profiling of Grape: Flavonols and Anthocyanins. Fulvio Mattivi, Raffaele Guzzon, Urska Vrhovsek, Marco Stefanini and Riccardo Velasco, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2006, 54 (20), pp 7692–7702 )〕 in ''Lysimachia congestiflora''〔(Flavonol glycosides from Lysimachia congestiflora. Jian Guo, , Dong-Lei Yu, Lizhen Xu, Min Zhu and Shi-Lin Yang, Phytochemistry, Volume 48, Issue 8, August 1998, Pages 1445-1447 )〕 and in ''Vaccinium uliginosum'' (bog billberries).〔(Anthocyanin and Flavonol Variation in Bog Bilberries (Vaccinium uliginosum L.) in Finland. Anja K. Lätti, Laura Jaakola, Kaisu R. Riihinen and Pirjo S. Kainulainen, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2010, 58 (1), pp 427–433 )〕 It is one of the phenolic compounds present in wine.〔(Syringetin, a flavonoid derivative in grape and wine, induces human osteoblast differentiation through bone morphogenetic protein-2/extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 pathway. Ya-Ling Hsu, Hsin-Lin Liang, Chih-Hsing Hung and Po-Lin Kuo, Molecular Nutrition & Food Research, Volume 53 Issue 11, Pages 1452-1461 )〕
It induces human osteoblast differentiation through bone morphogenetic protein-2/extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 pathway.〔(Syringetin, a flavonoid derivative in grape and wine, induces human osteoblast differentiation through bone morphogenetic protein-2/extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 pathway. Hsu Ya-Ling, Liang Hsin-Lin, Hung Chih-Hsing and Kuo Po-Lin, Molecular nutrition & food research, 2009, vol. 53, no11, pp. 1452-1461 )〕
==Metabolism==
Syringetin is formed from laricitrin by the action of the enzyme laricitrin 5'-O-methyltransferase〔〔(laricitrin 5'-O-methyltransferase on amigo.geneontology.org )〕 (myricetin O-methyltransferase).〔(Syringetin biosynthetis pathway on metacyc.org )〕
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