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taewonsu
''Taewŏnsu'' (literally grand marshal, usually translated as ''generalissimo'') is the highest possible military rank of North Korea and is intended to be an honorific title for the nation’s Great Leaders. The rank is senior to that of ''wonsu'' (marshal). The title also exists in Chinese military history as ''dàyuánshuài'' (same Sino-Korean characters 大元帥), and was briefly taken by Sun Yat-Sen.〔The People's Liberation Army as organization: reference volume v 1.0 - Volume 1 - Page 30 James C. Mulvenon, Andrew N. D. Yang, Center for Asia-Pacific Policy (Rand Corporation) - 2002 "Rank Categories - Ranks 1. Generalissimo (dayuanshuai) 2. Marshal (yuanshuai) 3. General Grade (jiangguan).. "〕〔China this century - Page 169 Rafe De Crespigny - 1992 "In 1917 Sun Yatsen took for a time the title dayuanshuai, which basically means 'commander-in-chief ; though it is a general term rather than a military rank, it was translated as "〕
==History==
The rank of ''taewŏnsu'' was created by a joint decision of the Central Committee and Central Military Commission of the Workers' Party of Korea, the DPRK′s National Defense Commission and Central People′s Committee in April 1992 to honor Kim Il Sung on his 80th birthday. In February 2012, his son and successor Kim Jong Il was awarded the title posthumously on the occasion of his official 70th birthday.〔James Fleming Broken Border - Page 22 2009 "President Kim Jong Il is a man of many titles: Supreme Commander of the Korean People's Army, Commander of the Armed Forces, Taewŏnsu (a seven–star general), Chairman of the National Defense Committee, General Secretary,..."〕〔Kyung-Ae Park, Scott Snyder ''North Korea in Transition: Politics, Economy, and Society'' 2012 "Kim Jong Il... and on April 20th, 1992, he was named “Marshal”(Wonsu).22 Kim Il Sung had been named “Generalissimo” (Taewonsu) .."〕
The insignia for ''taewŏnsu'' is similar to ''wonsu'' but with an added crest worn beneath the shoulder board's large marshal star (and an added crest added to the parade uniform's marshal star worn below the collar), below the Emblem of North Korea. The rank insignia is based on the now obsolete rank ''generalissimus'' of the Soviet Union.
If translated, the full rank is "grand marshal of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea" literally and "''generalissimo'' of the DPRK" in the usual translation.
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