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tamoxifen
Tamoxifen (TMX), sold under the brand name Nolvadex among others, is a medication used to prevent breast cancer in women and treat breast cancer in women and men. It is also being studied for other types of cancer.〔 It has been used for Albright syndrome. Tamoxifen is typically taken daily by mouth for five years for breast cancer.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.drugs.com/monograph/tamoxifen-citrate.html )〕
Serious side effects include a small increased risk of uterine cancer, stroke, vision problems, and pulmonary embolism. Common side effects include irregular periods, weight loss, and hot flashes. It may cause harm to the baby if taken during pregnancy or breastfeeding.〔 It is a selective estrogen-receptor modulator that works both by decreasing factors that increase the growth of breast cells and increasing factors that decrease the growth of breast cells.〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.drugs.com/drug-class/selective-estrogen-receptor-modulators.html )〕
Tamoxifen was discovered in 1967. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, the most important medication needed in a basic health system. Tamoxifen is available as a generic medication.〔 The wholesale price is about 0.07 to 0.23 USD per day.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://erc.msh.org/dmpguide/resultsdetail.cfm?language=english&code=TAM20T&s_year=2014&year=2014&str=20%20mg&desc=Tamoxifen%20Citrate&pack=new&frm=TAB-CAP&rte=PO&class_code2=08%2E3%2E&supplement=&class_name=%2808%2E3%2E%29Hormones%20and%20antihormones%3Cbr%3E )〕 In the United States it costs about 2 USD a day.〔
==Medical uses==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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