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tarbert
Tarbert (Scottish Gaelic, ''An Tairbeart'') is a place name in Scotland and Ireland. Places named Tarbert are characterised by a narrow strip of land, or isthmus. This can be where two lochs nearly meet, or a causeway out to an island.
==Etymology==
All placenames that variously show up as ''tarbert'', ''tarbat'' or ''tarbet'' in their anglicised form derive from either Irish ''an tairbeart'' in Ireland and Scottish Gaelic ''an tairbeart'' in Scotland, both commonly translated as "the isthmus" today.〔Dwelly, E. ''The Illustrated Gaelic-English Dictionary'' 1901〕
Both these words derive from two Old Irish elements, ''tar'' "across" and a nominalised form of the verb ''ber'' "to carry".〔MacBain, A. (1911) ''An Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language'' Stirling. Eneas MacKay. 1982 edition by Gairm ISBN 0-901771-68-6.〕 The in ''tar'' was assimilated to as a result of being next to the historically palatal in Old Irish, causing the change in spelling from ''tar'' to ''tair-''. So the literal translation would be an "across-carrying". The reason for this is that all tarberts are in fact located at or near old portage sites.
In English language spellings the first syllable "tar" has generally remained constant but the second syllable "bert" has variously been spelled as "bart", "bert" "bat", "bad" etc.〔("Tarbert History: Who Named it, 'Tarbert'?" ) Tarbert.info. Retrieved 13 September 2008.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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