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tatsama
Tatsama (Sanskrit; ) are Sanskrit loanwords in modern Indo-Aryan languages like Bengali, Marathi, Oriya, Hindi, Gujarati, Sinhala and Dravidian languages like Malayalam, Kannada, Telugu, and Tamil. They belong to a higher and more erudite register than common words. That register can be compared to the use of words of Greek origin in English (e.g. ''hubris'').
==Tatsamas in Bengali==
The origin of tatsamas in Bengali is traced to tenth century Brahmin poets, who felt that the colloquial language was not suitable for their expressive needs. Another wave of tôtshômô entered the then Bengali language by Sanskrit scholars teaching at Fort William College in Kolkata at the start of the 19th century. The textbooks used in these courses paved the way for more tôtsômô words entering common usage.
Bengali is well known for its heteroglossia, written Bengali contains about 70% tatsamas whereas the colloquial languages contain much less, at most up to 40%. Writers such as Rabindranath Tagore, Michael Madhusudan Dutt, Ramram Basu, Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar, and Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay introduced a large number of tatsamas into Bengali.
Tatsamas in Bengali that retain their Sanskrit pronunciation are called ''shômochcharitô'', while those with a differing pronunciation are called ''ôshômochcharitô''.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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