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Technicolor is a color motion picture process invented in 1916 and then improved over several decades. It was the second major color process, after Britain's Kinemacolor, and the most widely used color process in Hollywood from 1922 to 1952. Technicolor became known and celebrated for its highly saturated color, and was initially most commonly used for filming musicals such as ''The Wizard of Oz'' (1939) and ''Down Argentine Way'' (1940), costume pictures such as ''The Adventures of Robin Hood'' (1938) and ''Gone with the Wind'' (1939), and animated films such as ''Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs'' (1937) and ''Fantasia'' (1940). As the technology matured it was also used for less spectacular dramas and comedies. Occasionally, even a ''film noir''—such as ''Leave Her to Heaven'' (1945) or ''Niagara'' (1953)—was filmed in Technicolor. "Technicolor" is the trademark for a series of color motion picture processes pioneered by Technicolor Motion Picture Corporation (a subsidiary of Technicolor, Inc.), now a division of the French company Technicolor SA. The Technicolor Motion Picture Corporation was founded in Boston in 1914 (incorporated in Maine in 1915) by Herbert Kalmus, Daniel Frost Comstock, and W. Burton Wescott.〔"(What? Color in the Movies Again? )" ''Fortune'', October 1934.〕 The "Tech" in the company's name was inspired by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, where both Kalmus and Comstock received their undergraduate degree and were later instructors.〔 〕 Technicolor, Inc. was chartered in Delaware in 1921.〔"$1,000,000 Company Will Color Movies", ''The New York Times'', September 21, 1922, p. 1.〕〔"Technicol.-Prizma Controversy", ''The Wall Street Journal'', Dec. 7, 1922, p. 12.〕 Most of Technicolor's early patents were taken out by Comstock and Wescott, while Kalmus served primarily as the company's president and chief executive officer. ==Name usage== The term "Technicolor" historically has been used to describe at least five concepts: *Technicolor: an umbrella company encompassing all of the below as well as other ancillary services. (1914–present) *Technicolor labs: a collection of film laboratories across the world owned and run by Technicolor for post-production services including developing, printing, and transferring films in all major color film processes, as well as Technicolor's proprietary ones. (1922–present) *Technicolor process or format: several custom image origination systems used in film production, culminating in the "three-strip" process in 1932. (1917–1955) *Technicolor IB printing ("IB" abbreviates "imbibition", a dye-transfer operation): a process for making color motion picture prints that allows the use of dyes which are more stable and permanent than those formed in ordinary chromogenic color printing. Originally used for printing from color separation negatives photographed on black-and-white film in a special Technicolor camera. (1928–2002, with differing gaps of availability after 1974 depending on the lab) *Prints or Color by Technicolor: used from the mid-1950s when Eastmancolor (and other color film stocks) supplanted the three-film-strip camera negative method, while the Technicolor IB printing process continued to be used as one method of making the prints. This meaning of the name applies to nearly all Wikipedia articles about films made from the mid-1950s onward (see The introduction of Eastmancolor and decline below) in which Technicolor is named in the credits. (1953–) 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「technicolor」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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