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A ''tehsil'' or ''tahsil/tahasil'' ((ヒンディー語:तहसील), (パンジャーブ語:ਤਹਿਸੀਲ), (テルグ語:తహశీల్), (ウルドゥー語:تحصیل)), also known as ''taluk'' (or ''taluq/taluka ((シンド語:تعلقو))'') or ''mandal'', is an administrative division of some countries of South Asia. It is an area of land with a city or town that serves as its administrative centre, with possible additional towns, and usually a number of villages. The terms in India have replaced earlier geographical terms, such as ''pargana'', ''pergunnah'' and ''thannah'', used under the Delhi Sultanate and the British Raj. As an entity of local government, the tahsil office (Panchayat Samiti) exercises certain fiscal and administrative power over the villages and municipalities within its jurisdiction. It is the ultimate executive agency for land records and related administrative matters. The chief official is called the ''tahsildar'' or, less officially, the ''talukdar'' or ''taluka muktiarkar'' or Tehsildar. Taluk or Tehsil can be said sub districts in Indian (Bharat) context. In some instances, tehsils are called "blocks" (Panchayat union blocks).〔''The main purpose of the census is to provide data on size and composition of population of India and its geographic divisions, i.e., population of different states and union territories, districts, blocks and villages.'' 〕 Although they may on occasion share the same area with a subdivision of a revenue divisions, known as revenue blocks, the two are distinct. For example, Raipur district in Chhattisgarh state is administratively divided into 13 tehsils and 15 revenue blocks. Nevertheless, the two are often conflated. ''Tehsil/tahsil'' and ''taluka'' and their variants are used as English words without further translation. Since these terms are unfamiliar to English speakers outside the subcontinent, the word ''county'' has sometimes been provided as a gloss, on the basis that a ''tahsil'', like a county, is an administrative unit hierarchically above the local city, town, or village, but subordinate to a larger state or province. India and Pakistan have an intermediate level of hierarchy (or more than one, at least in parts of India): the district, also sometimes translated as ''county''. In neither case is the analogy very exact. ==India== Throughout India, there is a three-tier local body/Panchayath Raj system within the state. Tehsil/taluka/mandal is the second layer of this system. Above them are the districts/zilla and below them are the gram panchayats/villages. In India, the term ''tehsil'' is used to some extent in all states. In some, such as Gujarat, Karnataka and Maharashtra, ''taluka'' is more common. The word mandal is used predominately in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. In Andhra Pradesh, the "Mandal Parishad" is the elected governing body of the mandal, and the tehsildar is chief of executive of the mandal. In Tamil Nadu, ''vattam'' denotes a subdivision of a district. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「tehsil」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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