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tench
The tench or doctor fish (''Tinca tinca'') is a fresh- and brackish-water fish of the cyprinid family found throughout Eurasia from Western Europe including the British Isles east into Asia as far as the Ob and Yenisei Rivers. It is also found in Lake Baikal. It normally inhabits slow-moving freshwater habitats, particularly lakes and lowland rivers.〔B. Whitton (1982). ''Rivers, Lakes and Marshes'' p 163. Hodder & Staughton, London.〕 In Germany, the tench is called ''Schlei''.
==Ecology==
The tench is most often found in still waters with a clay or muddy substrate and abundant vegetation.〔A. F. Magri MacMahon (1946). ''Fishlore'', pp 156-158. Pelican Books.〕 This species is rare in clear waters across stony substrate, and is absent altogether from fast-flowing streams. It tolerates water with a low oxygen concentration,〔 being found in waters where even the carp cannot survive.〔
Tench feed mostly at night with a preference for animals, such as chironomids, on the bottom of eutrophic waters〔http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1996.tb01481.x/abstract〕 and snails and pea clams in well-vegetated waters.〔
Breeding takes place in shallow water usually among aquatic plants where the sticky green eggs can be deposited.〔 Spawning usually occurs in summer,〔 and as many as 300,000 eggs may be produced.〔A. Lawrence Wells (date unknown). ''Observer Book of Freshwater Fishes'', pp 101-105. Frederick Warne & Co.〕 Growth is rapid, and fish may reach a weight of 0.11 kg (0.25 lb) within the first year.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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