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Terefah ((ヘブライ語:טְרֵפָה), lit. "Torn" by beast of prey) refers to either: * A member of a kosher species of mammal or bird, disqualified from being considered kosher, due to pre-existing mortal injuries or physical defects.〔Arzi, Abraham. "Terefah." Encyclopaedia Judaica. Ed. Michael Berenbaum and Fred Skolnik. 2nd ed. Vol. 19. Detroit: Macmillan Reference USA, 2007. 647. Gale Virtual Reference Library. Web. 29 Mar. 2011.〕 * A specific list of mortal injuries or physical defects that disqualify a member of a kosher species of mammal or bird from being kosher. ==Biblical prohibition== The biblical prohibition of eating ''terefah'' stems from the verse: According to the Talmud,〔Hullin 37a〕 there were originally only eight types of terefah, however, the author(s) of the Mishnah added eighteen items to the list. Eventually, Maimonides added even more to finish the list of terefah conditions at 70. Rabbi Joseph Caro organized all of these symptoms in the Shulchan Aruch (Yoreh De'ah, 29-60) by categorizing them according to parts of the animal, their minute malady, and any disease, fracture, or abnormality they may possess.〔〔The Jewish Encyclopedia. Funk and Wagnalls Company. New ed., Vol II. pp. 109-110〕 This prohibition should not be confused with a separate category of prohibition, called ''nevelah'' (a carcass), of eating of any kosher species of mammal or bird which died by any means other that shechita. Thus, an animal could only be considered a ''terefah'' while alive; once it dies of its ''terefah'' wound it would be considered a ''nevelah''. An important consequence is that a ''terefah'' which dies by ''shechita'', while not fit for kosher consumption, does not have the status and rules of ''nevelah'' (e.g. with regard to imparting ritual impurity). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「terefah」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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