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tetrahydrobiopterin
Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4, THB, trade name Kuvan) or sapropterin (INN) is a naturally occurring essential cofactor of the three aromatic amino acid hydroxylase enzymes, used in the degradation of amino acid phenylalanine and in the biosynthesis of the neurotransmitters serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT), melatonin, dopamine, norepinephrine (noradrenaline), epinephrine (adrenaline), and is a cofactor for the production of nitric oxide (NO) by the nitric oxide synthases.〔(The role of nitric oxide in the hypothalamic control of LHRH and oxytocin release, sexual behavior and aging of the LHRH and oxytocin neurons; FOLIA HISTOCHEMICA ET CYTOBIOLOGICA; Author: Jarosław Całka; Department of Functional Morphology, Division of Animal Anatomy, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland; 2005; page 4 )〕 Chemically, its structure is that of a reduced pteridine derivative.
== History ==
Tetrahydrobiopterin was discovered to play a role as an enzymatic cofactor. The first enzyme found to use tetrahydrobiopterin is phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH).
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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