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''ラテン語:Theodiscus'' (the Latinised form of a Germanic word meaning "vernacular" or "of the common people") is a Medieval Latin adjective referring to the Germanic vernaculars of the Early Middle Ages. It is the precursor to a number of terms in West Germanic languages, namely the English exonym "Dutch", the German endonym "''Deutsch''", and the Dutch exonym "''Duits''". The word ''theodism'', a neologism for a branch of Germanic neopaganism, is based on the Old English form of the word. ==Etymology== It is derived from Common Germanic '. The stem of this word, ', meant "people" in Common Germanic, and ' was an adjective-forming suffix, of which ''-ish'' is the Modern English form. The Proto-Indo-European root ''-'' ("tribe"), which is commonly reconstructed as the basis of the word, is related to Lithuanian ''tautà'' ("nation"), Old Irish ''túath'' ("tribe, people") and Oscan ''touto'' ("community").〔, p. 269.〕 The various Latin forms are derived from West Germanic *''þiudisk'' and its later descendants.〔W. Haubrichs, "''Theodiscus'', Deutsch und Germanisch - drei Ethnonyme, drei Forschungsbegriffe. Zur Frage der Instrumentalisierung und Wertbesetzung deutscher Sprach- und Volksbezeichnungen." In: H. Beck et al., ''Zur Geschichte der Gleichung "germanisch-deutsch"'' (2004), 199-228〕 The word came into Middle English as ''thede'', but was extinct in Early Modern English (although surviving in the English place name Thetford, 'public ford'). It survives as the Icelandic word ' for "people, nation", the Norwegian (Nynorsk) word ' for "people, nation", and the word for "German" in many European languages including German ''ドイツ語:deutsch'', Dutch ', Yiddish ', Danish ', Norwegian ', Swedish ', Spanish ''tudesco'' and Italian '. The Proto-Slavic language borrowed the word as ''ťōďь'' with the meaning "not one's own" (the opposite of ''svojь''), giving rise to contemporary Polish ''cudzy'', Czech ''cizí'', Serbo-Croat ''tuđi'', Russian ''чужой'' etc. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「theodiscus」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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