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theophylline
Theophylline, also known as 1,3-dimethylxanthine, is a methylxanthine drug used in therapy for respiratory diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma under a variety of brand names. As a member of the xanthine family, it bears structural and pharmacological similarity to theobromine and caffeine.
== Medical uses ==
The main actions of theophylline involve:
* relaxing bronchial smooth muscle
* increasing heart muscle contractility and efficiency; as a positive inotropic
* increasing heart rate: (positive chronotropic)〔(Alboni et al. Effects of Permanent Pacemaker and Oral Theophylline in Sick Sinus Syndrome The THEOPACE Study: A Randomized Controlled Trial )〕
* increasing blood pressure
* increasing renal blood flow
* anti-inflammatory effects
* central nervous system stimulatory effect mainly on the medullary respiratory center.
The main therapeutic uses of theophylline are aimed at:
* chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
* asthma
* infant apnea
* Blocks the action of adenosine, an inhibitor neurotransmitter that induces sleep, contracts the smooth muscles and relaxes the cardiac muscle.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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