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In Greek mythology〔Karl Kerenyi, ''Dionysos: Archetypal image of indestructible life'' 1976:123, observes that "the ecstatic band of bacchantes and agitated male nature gods in a state of heightened ''zoë'' … is not reflected in Minoan art."〕 and religion, the ''thiasus'' (Greek ''thiasos''), was the ecstatic retinue of Dionysus, often pictured as inebriated revelers. Many of the myths of Dionysus are connected with his arrival in the form of a procession. The grandest such version was his triumphant return from "India", which influenced symbolic conceptions of the Roman triumph and was narrated in rapturous detail in Nonnus' ''Dionysiaca''. In this procession, Dionysus rides a chariot, often drawn by big cats such as tigers, leopards, or lions. The ''thiasos'' of the sea god Poseidon is depicted as a triumphal wedding procession with Amphitrite, attended by figures such as sea nymphs and hippocamps. In historical Greek society, ''thiasoi'' (plural) were religious organizations whose existence was protected by law.〔For example the ''thiasos'' in Athens examined by Marcus N. Tod, "A Statute of an Attic Thiasos", ''The Annual of the British School at Athens'' 13 (1906/07):328-338).〕 ==Dionysian ''thiasos''== The most significant members of the thiasus were the human female devotees, the maenads, who gradually replaced immortal nymphs. In Greek vase-paintings or bas-reliefs, lone female figures can be recognized as belonging to the thiasus by their brandishing the ''thyrsos'', the distinctive staff or rod of the devotee. Other regulars of the retinue were various nature spirits, including the sileni (or human dancers costumed as such), phalluses much in evidence, satyrs, and Pan. The ithyphallic sileni are often shown dancing on vase paintings.〔Karl Kerenyi (''Dionysos: Archetypal image of indestructible life'' 1976), selects as an example a 6th-century vase, figs 39/A and B.〕 The tutor of Dionysus is represented by a single aged Silenus. The retinue is sometimes shown being brought before a seated recipient: the tragic human welcomer of the gift of wine, Ikarios or Semachos, and his daughter, Erigone.〔See Kerenyi 1976, ch. iv. "The Myths of Arrival".〕 In the triumphal form of procession, Ariadne sometimes rides with Dionysus as his consort. Heracles followed the thiasus for a short while following his loss of a drinking contest to Dionysus. On the 6th-century BC François Vase, Dionysus is accompanied in procession by the three Horae.〔Detail illustrated in Kerenyi 1976 fig. 37.〕 Other notable depictions in art include the silver "Great Dish" from the Mildenhall Treasure, the Lycurgus Cup, and in the Renaissance Titian's ''Bacchus and Ariadne''. The Dionysian retinue was a popular subject for Roman art, especially bas-reliefs and sarcophagus panels. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「thiasus」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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