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tilde
The tilde (;〔(tilde ) in the American Heritage dictionary〕 ˜ or ~)〔 Several more or less common informal names are used for the tilde that usually describe the shape, including ''squiggly'', ''squiggle(s)'', and ''flourish''.〕 is a grapheme with several uses. The name of the character came into English from Spanish, which in turn came from the Latin ''titulus'', meaning "title" or "superscription".〔
The reason for the name was that it was originally written over a letter as a scribal abbreviation, as a "mark of suspension", shown as a straight line when used with capitals. Thus the commonly used words ''Anno Domini'' were frequently abbreviated to ''Ao Dñi'', an elevated terminal with a suspension mark placed above the "n". Such a mark could denote the omission of one letter or several letters. This saved on the expense of the scribe's labour and the cost of vellum and ink. Medieval European charters written in Latin are largely made up of such abbreviated words with suspension marks; only uncommon words were given in full. The tilde has since been applied to a number of other uses as a diacritic mark or a character in its own right. These are encoded in Unicode at and , and there are additional similar characters for different roles. In lexicography, the latter kind of tilde and the swung dash ((unicode:⁓)) are used in dictionaries to indicate the omission of the entry word.
==Common use==
This symbol (in English) informally〔 means "approximately", such as: "~30 minutes before" meaning "approximately 30 minutes before".〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title =All Elementary Mathematics – Mathematical symbols dictionary )〕 It can mean "similar to", including "of the same order of magnitude as", such as: "" meaning that and are of the same order of magnitude. Another approximation symbol is the double-tilde ≈, meaning "approximately equal to"〔〔 the critical difference being the subjective level of accuracy: ≈ indicates a value which can be considered functionally equivalent for a calculation within an acceptable degree of error, whereas ~ is usually used to indicate a larger, possibly significant, degree of error. The tilde is also used to indicate equal to, or approximately equal to by placing it over the "=" symbol, like this: ≅.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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