|
}} | official_name = | settlement_type = Metropolis | image_skyline = Tokyo Montage 2015.jpg | image_caption = Clockwise from top: Nishi-Shinjuku, Rainbow Bridge, National Diet Building, Shibuya, Tokyo Skytree | image_map = Map of Japan with highlight on 13 Tokyo prefecture.svg | map_caption = Location of Tokyo in Japan | image_map1 = Tokyo Landsat.jpg | map_caption1 = Satellite photo of Tokyo's 23 Special wards taken by NASA's Landsat 7 | image_flag = Flag of Tokyo Prefecture.svg | image_blank_emblem = PrefSymbol-Tokyo.svg | blank_emblem_type = Symbol | blank_emblem_size = 115px | image_seal = Emblem of Tokyo.svg | seal_size = 100px | seal_link = Insignias of Tokyo | image_shield = | latd = 35 | latm = 41 | latNS = N | longd = 139 | longm = 41 | longEW = E | pushpin_map = Japan | pushpin_label_position = | pushpin_map_caption = | pushpin_mapsize = | coordinates_display = inline, title | coordinates_region = JP-13 | coordinates_type = type:adm1st_region:JP-13 | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = Japan | subdivision_type1 = Region | subdivision_name1 = Kantō | subdivision_type2 = Island | subdivision_name2 = Honshu | established_title = | established_date = | parts_type = Divisions | parts = 23 special wards, 26 cities, 1 district, & 4 subprefectures | government_type = Metropolis | leader_title = Governor | leader_name = Yōichi Masuzoe (I) | leader_title1 = Capital | leader_name1 = Tokyo〔(都庁の所在地 ) Shinjuku is the location of the Tokyo Metropolitan Government Office.But Tokyo is not a "municipality".Therefore, for the sake of convenience, the notation of prefectural is "Tokyo".〕 | area_total_km2 = 2187.66 | area_land_km2 = | area_water_km2 = | area_water_percent = 1.0 | area_metro_km2 = 13572 | area_rank = 45th | elevation_m = | population_demonym = Tokyoite | population_as_of = August 1, 2011 | population_footnotes =〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=大都市圏・都市圏の人口 )〕 | population_total = 13185502 | population_density_km2 = auto | population_density_metro_km2 = 2629 | population_metro = 38635461 | population_blank1_title = 23 Wards | population_note = (2011 per prefectural government) | population_blank1 = 8967665 | timezone = Japan Standard Time | utc_offset = +9 | postal_code_type = ISO 3166-2 | postal_code = JP-13 | area_code = | anthem = 〔(【引用サイトリンク】 url=http://www.seikatubunka.metro.tokyo.jp/bunka/keishou/tokasika.htm )〕 | blank_name_sec2 = Flower | blank_info_sec2 = Somei-Yoshino cherry blossom | blank1_name_sec2 = Tree | blank1_info_sec2 = Ginkgo tree (''Ginkgo biloba'') | blank2_name_sec2 = Bird | blank2_info_sec2 = Black-headed gull (''Larus ridibundus'') | blank3_name_sec2 = | blank3_info_sec2 = | website = | footnotes = }} (, ), officially , is one of the 47 prefectures of Japan,〔(【引用サイトリンク】 url =http://www.metro.tokyo.jp/ENGLISH/PROFILE/overview05.htm )〕 and is both the capital and largest city of Japan. The Greater Tokyo Area is the most populous metropolitan area in the world.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=World Urbanization Prospects: The 2014 Revision Population Database )〕 It is the seat of the Emperor of Japan and the Japanese government. Tokyo is in the Kantō region on the southeastern side of the main island Honshu and includes the Izu Islands and Ogasawara Islands.〔Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Tōkyō" in ; "Kantō" in 〕 Formerly known as Edo, it has been the de facto seat of government since 1603 when Shogun Tokugawa Ieyasu made the city his headquarters. It officially became the capital after Emperor Meiji moved his seat to the city from the old capital of Kyoto in 1868; at that time Edo was renamed Tokyo. Tokyo Metropolis was formed in 1943 from the merger of the former and the . Tokyo is often referred to and thought of as a city, but is officially known and governed as a "metropolitan prefecture", which differs from and combines elements of both a city and a prefecture, a characteristic unique to Tokyo. The Tokyo metropolitan government administers the 23 Special Wards of Tokyo (each governed as an individual city), which cover the area that was formerly the City of Tokyo before it merged and became the subsequent metropolitan prefecture in 1943. The metropolitan government also administers 39 municipalities in the western part of the prefecture and the two outlying island chains. The population of the special wards is over 9 million people, with the total population of the prefecture exceeding 13 million. The prefecture is part of the world's most populous metropolitan area with upwards of 37.8 million people and the world's largest urban agglomeration economy. The city hosts 51 of the Fortune Global 500 companies, the highest number of any city in the world. Tokyo ranked third in the International Financial Centres Development IndexEdit. The city is also home to various television networks like Fuji TV, Tokyo MX, TV Tokyo, TV Asahi, Nippon Television, NHK and the Tokyo Broadcasting System. Tokyo ranked third in the Global Economic Power Index and fourth in the Global Cities Index. The city is considered an alpha+ world city—as listed by the GaWC's 2008 inventory—and in 2014, Tokyo was ranked first in the "Best overall experience" category of ''TripAdvisors World City Survey (the city also ranked first in the following categories: "Helpfulness of locals", "Nightlife", "Shopping", "Local public transportation" and "Cleanliness of streets"). In 2015, Tokyo was ranked as the 11th most expensive city for expatriates, according to the Mercer consulting firm, and also the world's 11th most expensive city, according to the Economist Intelligence Unit's cost-of-living survey. In 2015 Tokyo was named the Most Liveable City in the world by the magazine ''Monocle''.〔http://monocle.com/film/affairs/the-monocle-quality-of-life-survey-2015/〕 The Michelin Guide has awarded Tokyo by far the most Michelin stars of any city in the world.〔 ("「ミシュランガイド東京・横浜・鎌倉2011」を発行 三つ星が14軒、二つ星が54軒、一つ星が198軒に" ), Michelin Japan, November 24, 2010.〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Tokyo is Michelin's biggest star )〕 Tokyo ranked first in the world in the Safe Cities Index. 〔http://safecities.economist.com/infographics/safe-cities-index-infographic/〕 Tokyo hosted the 1964 Summer Olympics, the 1979 G-7 summit, the 1986 G-7 summit, and the 1993 G-7 summit, and will host the 2020 Summer Olympics and the 2020 Summer Paralympics. ==Etymology== Tokyo was originally known as , which means "estuary".〔Room, Adrian. ''Placenames of the World''. McFarland & Company (1996), (p360 ). ISBN 0-7864-1814-1.〕 Its name was changed to Tokyo ( ''Tōkyō''; ''tō'' "east", and ''kyō'' "capital") when it became the imperial capital in 1868,〔US Department of State. (1906). (''A digest of international law as in diplomatic discussions, treaties and other international agreements'' (John Bassett Moore, ed.), Volume 5, page 759 ); excerpt, "The Mikado, on assuming the exercise of power at Yedo, changed the name of the city to Tokio".〕 in line with the East Asian tradition of including the word capital () in the name of the capital city.〔 During the early Meiji period, the city was also called "Tōkei", an alternative pronunciation for the same Chinese characters representing "Tokyo". Some surviving official English documents use the spelling "Tokei". However, this pronunciation is now obsolete.〔("明治東京異聞～トウケイかトウキョウか～東京の読み方" Tokyo Metropolitan Archives (2004) ). Retrieved on September 13, 2008. 〕 The name Tokyo was first suggested in 1813 in the book (Secret Plan of Commingling), written by Satō Nobuhiro. When Ōkubo Toshimichi proposed the renaming to the government during the Meiji Restoration, according to Oda Kanshi, he got the idea from that book. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「tokyo」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|