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A ''torero'' () or ''toureiro'' () (both from Latin ''taurarius'', bullfighter), is a bullfighter and the main performer in the sport of bullfighting as practised in Spain, Portugal, Mexico, Peru, France and other countries influenced by Spanish culture.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Network Europe )〕 In Spanish, the word ''torero'' describes any of the performers who participate in the bullfight. The main performer, who is the leader of an entourage and the one who kills the bull, is addressed as ''maestro'' (master), and his formal title is ''matador de toros'' (killer of bulls). The term ''torero'' encompasses all who fight the bull in the ring (''picadores'' and ''rejoneadores''). The other bullfighters in the entourage are called ''subalternos'' and their suits are embroidered in silver as opposed to the matador's more-theatrical gold. In English, the torero is sometimes called the ''toreador.'' The term does not exist in Spanish; it was invented by Georges Bizet for his opera ''Carmen''. He needed the syllables of the word to match the timing of the song. A very small number of women have been bullfighters on foot or on horseback; one recent example is Cristina Sánchez. Female matadors have experienced considerable resistance and public hostility from aficionados and other matadors, perhaps being seen as a less physically nimble gender than the established norm. Usually, toreros start fighting younger bulls (novillos or, more informally in some Latin American countries, vaquillas), and are called ''novilleros.'' Fighting of mature bulls commences only after a special match, called "the Alternative". At this same bullfight, the novillero (junior bullfighter) is presented to the crowd as a ''matador de toros.'' The act of bullfighting is not called or considered a stand-alone sport but rather a performance art. There is no contest, simple punctuation, nor any formal classification. Further still, bullfighting, historically, started more with nobles upon horseback, all lancing bulls with accompanying commoners on foot doing helper jobs. As time went by, the work of the commoners on foot gained in importance up to the point whereupon they became the main and only act. Bullfighting on horseback became a separate and distinct act called "rejoneo" which is still performed today--although, not as often as bullfighting itself does on foot. Bullfighting on foot became a means for poor, able-bodied men to achieve fame and fortune, similar to the role of boxing in the United States. When a famous ''torero'' was asked why he risked his life, one man reportedly answered ''Más cornadas da el hambre'' ("Hunger strikes more painfully", lit. "Hunger gives more gores"). Today, it is now common for a bullfighter to be born into a family of bullfighters. The established term, ''Maletilla'' or ''espontáneo'', is attributed to those who illegally jump into the ring and attempt to bullfight for their sake and glory. While the practice itself is widely despised by many spectators and fans alike, some, such as ''El Cordobés'', started their very careers this way. ==Types== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「torero」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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