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torma
Torma (Skt: Balingta, Tib: Tor-ma, Wylie: gtor ma) are figures made mostly of flour and butter used in tantric rituals or as offerings in Tibetan Buddhism. They may be dyed in different colors, often with white or red for the main body of the torma. They are made in specific shapes based on their purpose, usually conical in form. A very large, central shrine torma may be constructed for festivals, though typically they are small and placed directly on a shrine, on a plate, mounted on leather〔(The Tibet Album Glossary )〕 or held on a special base like a skull.〔Beer (2003) pp. 212-220〕
== History ==
The tradition of using offering cakes pre-dates Tibetan Buddhism, though traditional Indian offering cakes — called ''bali''〔Kongtrul (2002) p. 172〕〔Kongtrul (1998) p. 129〕 or ''balingha''〔Kongtrul (1998) p. 199〕 in Sanskrit — are flat instead of conical.〔Martin (1996) p. 336〕
The Tibetan term comes from the root ''gtor-ba'' which means to "cast away, break up, or scatter". This implies both a sense of offering and of letting go or non-attachment.〔Beer (2003) p. 212〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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