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trapezoid
In Euclidean geometry, a convex quadrilateral with at least one pair of parallel sides is referred to as a trapezoid 〔 (pronounced: ''/ˈtɹæpəzɔɪd/'') in American and Canadian English but as a trapezium in English outside North America. The parallel sides are called the ''bases'' of the trapezoid and the other two sides are called the ''legs'' or the lateral sides (if they are not parallel; otherwise there are two pairs of bases). A ''scalene trapezoid'' is a trapezoid with no sides of equal measure,〔(Types of quadrilaterals )〕 in contrast to the special cases below.
==Etymology==
The term ''trapezium'' has been in use in English since 1570, from Late Latin ''trapezium'', from Greek τραπέζιον (''trapézion''), literally "a little table", a diminutive of τράπεζα (''trápeza''), "a table", itself from τετράς (''tetrás''), "four" + πέζα (''péza''), "a foot, an edge". The first recorded use of the Greek word translated ''trapezoid'' (τραπεζοειδή, ''trapezoeidé'', "table-like") was by Marinus Proclus (412 to 485 AD) in his Commentary on the first book of Euclid's Elements.〔Oxford English Dictionary entry at ''trapezoid''.〕
This article uses the term ''trapezoid'' in the sense that is current in the United States and Canada. In many other languages using a word derived from the Greek for this figure, the form closest to ''trapezium'' (e.g. French ''trapèze'', Italian ''trapezio'', Spanish ''trapecio'', German ''Trapez'', Russian ''трапеция'') is used.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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