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A treasury is either *A government department related to finance and taxation. *A place or Schatzkammer where currency or precious items (gold, diamonds, etc.) is/are kept. The head of a treasury is typically known as a treasurer. This position may not necessarily have the final control over the actions of the treasury, particularly if they are not an elected representative. The adjective for a treasury is normally "treasurial". The adjective "tresorial" can also be used, but this normally means pertaining to a ''treasurer''. ==History== 〔W J Hamblin – (Warfare in the Ancient Near East to 1600 BC: Holy Warriors at the Dawn of History ) Taylor & Francis, 12 Apr 2006 Retrieved 2012-07-07 ISBN 0415255880〕 As of the definition of a treasury from ''thêsaurus'' and in the context of the treasure obtained from war efforts the first recorded booty in history is a stele taken during 1160 BC.〔R L Poole – (The Exchequer in the Twelfth Century ) The Lawbook Exchange, Ltd., 1 Jan 2006 ISBN 1584776587 Retrieved 2012-06-25〕〔T Wardle – (The Jerusalem Temple and Early Christian Identity ) Mohr Siebeck, 22 nov. 2010 2012-06-15〕〔R T Neer – (Framing the Gift: The Politics of the Siphnian Treasury at Delphi ) Retrieved 2012-06-16〕〔L Rothfield – (The Rape of Mesopotamia: Behind the Looting of the Iraq Museum ) University of Chicago Press, 1 Apr 2009 Retrieved 2012-07-07 ISBN 0226729451〕〔D Harper – (etymology online ) Retrieved 2012-07-07〕 The earliest found artefacts made of silver and gold are from Lake Varna in Bulgaria dated 4250–4000 BC,〔S La Niece – (Gold ) Harvard University Press, 15 Dec 2009 Retrieved 2012-04-10 ISBN 0674035909〕〔T Mohide – (The International Silver Trade ) Woodhead Publishing, 28 Jul 1992 Retrieved 2012-07-05 ISBN 1855730677〕 the earliest of copper are dated 9000–7000 BC.〔I McNeil – (An Encyclopaedia of the History of Technology ) Taylor & Francis, 2 Feb 1990 Retrieved 2012-07-05 ISBN 0415013062〕 The term ''treasury'' was first used in Classical times to describe the votive buildings erected to house gifts to the gods, such as the Siphnian Treasury in Delphi or many similar buildings erected in Olympia, Greece by competing city-states to impress others during the ancient Olympic Games. In Ancient Greece treasuries were almost always physically incorporated within religious buildings such as temples, thus making state funds sacrosanct and adding moral constraints to the penal ones to those who would have access to these funds. The sovereigns' treasury within the palace in ancient Jerusalem, is considered to be similar in nature to the temple treasury.〔M Haran – (Temples and Temple-service in Ancient Israel̈: An Inquiry Into Biblical Cult Phenomena and the Historical Setting of the Priestly School ) Eisenbrauns, 1977 Retrieved 2012-07-03 ISBN 0931464188〕 The temple treasury of the settlement had appointed officials and functioned akin to a bank.〔T Wardle – (The Jerusalem Temple and Early Christian Identity ) Mohr Siebeck, 22 Nov 2010 Retrieved 2012-07-04 ISBN 3161505689〕 In excavations of Persopolis a text containing information pertaining to the activities of a temple treasury were discovered dated to the fifth century BC. The texts written in the Elamite language name the treasurer as ''ganzabara'' 〔H G M Williamson – (Studies In Persian Period History and Historiography ) Mohr Siebeck, 2004 Retrieved 2012-07-04 ISBN 3161482611〕〔J Boardman – (The Cambridge Ancient History: Persia, Greece and the Western Mediterranean c. 525 to 479 B.C. ) Cambridge University Press, 24 Nov 1988 Retrieved 2012-07-04 ISBN 0521228042〕〔D T Potts- (The Archaeology of Elam: Formation and Transformation of an Ancient Iranian State ) Cambridge University Press, 29 Jul 1999 Retrieved 2012-07-04 ISBN 0521564964〕 The ancient Roman word ''aerarium'' signified the treasury of the Senate, ''fiscus'' was used to indicate the imperial treasury used by Caesar.〔L Adkins, R A Adkins – (Handbook to Life in Ancient Rome ) Oxford University Press, 16 Jul 1998 Retrieved 2012-07-04 ISBN 0195123328〕 〔Sir William Smith – (Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities ) C.C. Little and J. Brown, 1853 Retrieved 2012-07-04〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「treasury」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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