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trillium
''Trillium'' (trillium, wakerobin, tri flower, birthroot, birthwort) is a genus of perennial flowering plants native to temperate regions of North America and Asia.〔(Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families )〕
It was formerly treated in the family Trilliaceae or trillium family, a part of the Liliales or lily order. The APG III system includes Trilliaceae in the family Melanthiaceae, where can be treated as the tribe Parideae.
== Description ==
Plants of this genus are perennial herbs growing from rhizomes. They produce scapes which are erect and straight in most species. There are three large bracts arranged in a whorl about the scape. There are no true aboveground leaves. There are sometimes scalelike leaves on the underground rhizome. The leaflike bracts are photosynthetic and are sometimes called leaves. The inflorescence is a single flower. There are two subgenera. In ''T.'' subg. ''Trillium'' the flowers are mostly borne on a short stalk (pedicellate) whereas in ''T.'' subg. ''Phyllantherum'' the flowers are born directly on the bracts (sessile). The flower has three green or reddish sepals and usually three petals in shades of red, purple, pink, white, yellow, or green. There are six stamens at the center. There are three stigmas that are borne on a very short style, if any. The fruit is fleshy and capsule-like or berrylike. The seeds have large, oily elaiosomes.〔(Flora of North America, Vol. 26 Page 90, ''Trillium'' Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 339. 1753; Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 158. 1754. )〕〔(Flora of China Vol. 24 Page 95 延龄草属 yan ling cao shu ''Trillium'' Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 339. 1753. )〕
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