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turbot
The turbot (''Scophthalmus maximus'') is a species of flatfish in the family Scophthalmidae. It is a demersal fish native to marine or brackish waters of the North Atlantic, Baltic Sea and the Mediterranean Sea.
==Etymology==
The word comes from the Old French ''tourbout'', which in turn is thought to be a derivative of the Latin ''turbo'' ("spinning top") a possible reference to its shape.〔Oxford English Dictionary, ''Turbot''〕 Another possible origin of the Old French word is from Old Swedish törnbut, from törn "thorn" + -but "stump, butt, flatfish", which may also be a reference to its shape (compare native English halibut).〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=turbot )〕 Early reference to the turbot can be found in a satirical poem (''The Emperor's Fish'') by Juvenal, a Roman poet of the late 1st and early 2nd centuries A.D., suggesting this fish was a delicacy in the Roman empire.
In the US, UK and Canada, ''turbot'' is pronounced .〔http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/turbot〕 The French pronunciation of "turbot" is (:tyʁbo).
In Turkey, where the fish is popular and expensive, it is called "Kalkan"—"shield"—from the fish's resemblance to the item. Instead of a smooth skin, Kalkan (''Scophthalmus maeoticus''), which is from the Black Sea, has small spikes on both sides; it is considered a subspecies of the Mediterranean turbot (''Scophthalmus maximus'').
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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