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typhus
Typhus is any of several similar diseases caused by ''Rickettsia'' bacteria. The name comes from the Greek ''typhos'' (τύφος) meaning smoky or hazy, describing the state of mind of those affected with typhus. The causative organism ''Rickettsia'' is an obligate intracellular parasitic bacterium that cannot survive for long outside living cells. It is transmitted to humans via external parasites such as fleas and ticks. While "typhoid" means "typhus-like", typhus and typhoid fever are distinct diseases caused by different genera of bacteria.
==Signs and symptoms==
The following signs/symptoms refers to epidemic typhus as it is the most important of the typhus group of diseases.
Symptoms begin with sudden onset of fever, chills, headache, and other flu-like symptoms about 1–3 weeks after being infected. Five to nine days after the symptoms have started, a rash typically begins on the trunk and spreads out to the extremities. This rash will eventually spread over the entire body, sparing the face, palms, and soles. Signs of meningoencephalitis begin with the rash and continue into the 2nd or 3rd weeks. Other signs of meningoencephalitis include sensitivity to light or photophobia, delirium or altered mental status, or coma. If left untreated, one may eventually die.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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