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A ululation () is a long, wavering, high-pitched vocal sound resembling a howl with a trilling quality. It is produced by emitting a high pitched loud voice accompanied with a rapid movement of the tongue and the uvula.〔 The term ululation is an onomatopoeic word derived from Latin. It is produced by moving the tongue, rapidly, back and forth repetitively in the mouth while producing a sharp sound. ==Around the world== Ululation is practiced in certain styles of singing, as well as in communal ritual events, used to express strong emotion. In Arab countries ululation is commonly used to express celebration, especially at weddings. An example of the incorporation of ululations in traditional wedding songs can be found in ''Zaghareed'', a collection of Palestinian traditional wedding songs reinterpreted and re-arranged by Mohsen Subhi and produced in 1997 by the Palestinian National Music and Dance Troupe (El Funoun).〔("'Zaghareed' (Ululations), 1997" ) on the El Funoun website〕 It is especially used in West Bengal in India, especially during weddings and other auspicious events. Ululation is commonly practised in the Middle East, as well as in most of Africa, the Persian Gulf, and Central and South Asia. It is used among Mizrahi Jews at all joyous occasions such as at a ''hachnasat sefer Torah'' (the dedication of a Torah scroll), circumcisions,〔Heber, Levi Y. "Additional Sephardic Circumcision Customs: The customs of Sephardim and Oriental Jews at a Brit Milah", (''The Handbook to Circumcision - Brit Milah'' )〕 communal celebrations, weddings,〔Stillman,Yedida Kalfon and Zucker, George K. (''New horizons in Sephardic Studies'' ) p. 298〕〔See Sephardic Music section on History〕 ''bar mitzvah''〔Everson, Eva Marie and Vamosh, Mirian Feinberg. (''Reflections of God's Holy Land: A Personal Journey Through Israel'' ) p. 242〕 celebrations, and most of all at ''henna'' celebrations.〔Samin, Lisa. ("JWeekly.com: Moroccan nuptials combine ancient rituals, festivities" ) World Zionist Press Service, ¶ 12〕 The cultural practice has spread to other Jews, particularly where members of different Jewish ethnic communities come together, and is also to be found among American Jews. Recordings of various styles of ululations are commonly found in the music of artists performing Mizrahi styles of music. In Morocco it is known as ''barwalá'' or ''youyou''.〔〔(Exploration Morocco: Sephardic Music in Morocco: Section on Sephardic Singing )〕 Ululation is also commonly used in Middle Eastern funerals. In the Middle East, ''zaghārīt'' (Arabic: زغاريت) is a ululation performed to honor someone. In East Africa, ululation (or ''ililta'') performed by worshippers is a feature of services in the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church and Eritrean Orthodox Tewahedo Church, and is also commonly used in secular celebrations such as parties or concerts. In Africa ululation is used as a cheer, mourn or attention seeking sound by women. In Hausa ululation is called ''guda'', in Swahili it is known as ''udhalili'', ''sigalagala'' in Luo dialect and in Zulu ''lilizela'' in Tsonga ''nkulungwani'' and in Shona ''kupururudza''. Ululation is incorporated into African musical styles such as Shona music, where it is a form of audience participation, along with clapping and call-and-response. The Basque ''irrintzi'' is a signal of happiness originating from shepherds〔Trask, Larry. ("Some Important Basque Words (And a Bit of Culture)" ) on the Larry Trask Archive website〕〔''(Irrintzi )'' in the Spanish-language ''Auñamendi Encyclopedia''.〕 The Galician ''aturuxo'' is performed with accompanied vocalization from the throat. Ululation is also widely practiced in the eastern parts of India. People, especially women roll their tongues and produce this sound during all Hindu temple rituals, festivals and celebrations. This is also an integral part of most weddings in these parts where, depending upon the local usages, women ululate to welcome the groom or bride or both. In Tamil it is known as ''kulavai'' (Tamil:குளவை). In Kerala, ululation is essential for all ceremonial occasions and the term used in Malayalam is ''kurava''. Bengalis call it ''ulu-uli'' and they use this during weddings and other festivals. It is mostly used in West Bengal than other places in India. Odias call it ''Hulahuli''. Assamese call it ''uruli''. Ululation is also used in Armenia, Serbia, Afghanistan, Iran, parts of Azerbaijan, parts of Cyprus, and parts of Spain and Malta. Ululation is, also, used to some extent by south European women Ululation is rooted in the culture of Southern Africa and is widely practiced in Angola, Botswana, Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa, Swaziland, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. It is used by women to give praises at weddings and all other celebrations. It is a general sound of good cheer and celebration, when good news has been delivered in a place of gathering, even in church. It is also an integral part of most African weddings where women gather around the bride and groom, dancing and ululating exuberantly. During graduation ceremonies ululation shows pride and joy in scholastic achievement. The women ululating usually stand and make their way to the front to dance and ululate around the graduate. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「ululation」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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