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upanayana
Upanayana is one of the traditional saṃskāras (rites of passage) that marked the acceptance of a student by a ''guru'' (teacher) and an individual's entrance to a school in Hinduism. The tradition is widely discussed in ancient Sanskrit texts of India, and varies regionally.〔
The upanayana was restricted in many medieval Indian texts to the upper three of the four varnas (castes) of society, brahmins, kshatriyas and vaishyas. However, Vedic period texts such as the Baudhāyana ''Grihyasutra'' encouraged all members of society to undergo the upanayana, even shudras.〔〔 Women were encouraged to undergo upanayana in ancient India either before they started Vedic studies or before their wedding.〔
==Etymology==
''Upanayana'' (Sanskrit: उपनयन) literally means "the act of leading to or near".〔(upanyana ) Monier Williams Sanskrit English Dictionary, Cologne Sanskrit Digital Lexicon, Germany〕 It is an important and widely discussed samskara in ancient Sanskrit text.〔 The rite of passage symbolizes the leading or drawing towards the self of a child, in a school, by a teacher.〔 It is a ceremony in which a Guru (teacher) accepts and draws a boy towards knowledge and initiates the second birth that is of the young mind and spirit.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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