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Upasarga is a term used in Sanskrit grammar for a special class of twenty prepositional particles prefixed to verbs or to action nouns.〔Monier-Williams, p.210〕 In Vedic, these prepositions are separable from verbs; in classical Sanskrit the prefixing is obligatory. The twenty prepositions are recognized in 's at 1.4.58-59,〔Katre, p.91〕 and are enumerated in the (#154):〔Katre, p.1301〕 * ''pra''- "forth" * ''parā''- "away" * ''apa''- "away" * ''sam''- "with" * ''anu''- "after" * ''ava''- "off, down" * '- "away" * '- "bad, difficult, hard" * ''vi''- "apart, asunder" * ''ā''- "near" * ''ni''- "down" * ''adhi''- "over" * ''api''- "proximate" * ''ati''- "beyond" * ''su''- "good, excellent" * ''ut''- "up(wards)" * ''abhi''- "to, towards" * ''prati''- "against" * ''pari''- "round, around" * ''upa''- "towards, near" By the usual rules of euphonic combination the two prepositions ending in visarga, ' and ', have the alternative forms ''nis''-/''nir''- and ''dus''-/''dur''- respectively. The listing has these variants, not the forms in pausa, and thus has twenty-two items in all. A versified form of this list may be found in modern primers or textbooks: ==Notes== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「upasarga」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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