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valknut
The valknut (Old Norse ''valr'', "slain warriors" + ''knut'', "knot") is a symbol consisting of three interlocked triangles, and appears on various Germanic objects. A number of theories have been proposed for its significance.
The name ''valknut'' is an unattested modern invention used to describe the symbol, and was not used contemporarily when the symbol was used. The valknut has been compared to the three-horned symbol found on the 9th century Snoldelev Stone, and may be related to it.〔Simek (2007:163).〕
In Norwegian (Bokmål) the term ''valknute'' is used for a polygon with a loop on each of its corners.〔Municipal arms for Lødingen, blazoned in the Norwegian Royal Decree of 11 May 1984, quoted in Hans Cappelen og Knut Johannessen: ''Norske kommunevåpen'', Oslo 1987, page 197. The term is also used in Anders Bjønnes: ''Segltegninger fra hyllingene i Norge 1591 og 1610'', Oslo 2010, pages 64–65.〕 In the English language the looped four cornered symbol is called Saint John's Arms.
==Traditional forms==
The historically attested instances of the symbol appear in two traditional, topologically distinct, forms. The symbol appears in unicursal form, topologically a trefoil knot also seen in the triquetra. This unicursal form is found, for example, on the 7th century Tängelgårda stone on the island of Gotland, Sweden. The symbol also appears in tricursal form, consisting of three linked triangles, topologically equivalent to the Borromean rings. This tricursal form can be seen on one of the Lärbro stones, also on Gotland, Sweden, as well as upon a ring found in the River Nene in England, and on a bedpost found within the 834 Oseberg ship burial from Slagen, Norway. Although other forms are topologically possible, these are the only attested forms found so far.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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