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vanitas
In the arts, vanitas is a type of symbolic work of art especially associated with still-life painting in Flanders and the Netherlands in the 16th and 17th centuries, though also common in other places and periods. The Latin word means "vanity" and loosely translated corresponds to the meaninglessness of earthly life and the transient nature of all earthly goods and pursuits. As applied to vanitas art, the word is drawn from the biblical book of Ecclesiastes . The Vulgate (the Latin translation of the Bible) renders the verse ''Vanitas vanitatum omnia vanitas.'' In the King James Version of the Bible this becomes ''Vanity of vanities; all is vanity.'' ''Vanity'' is used here in its older (especially pre-14th century) sense of "futility".〔''Oxford English Dictionary,'' on vanity〕
==Themes==
Vanitas themes were common in medieval funerary art, with most surviving examples in sculpture. By the 15th century these could be extremely morbid and explicit, reflecting an increased obsession with death and decay also seen in the ''Ars moriendi,'' the ''Danse Macabre,'' and the overlapping motif of the ''Memento mori.'' From the Renaissance such motifs gradually became more indirect and, as the still-life genre became popular, found a home there. Paintings executed in the vanitas style were meant to remind viewers of the transience of life, the futility of pleasure, and the certainty of death. They also provided a moral justification for painting attractive objects.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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