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vincristine
Vincristine, also known as leurocristine and marketed under the brandname Oncovin among others, is a chemotherapy medication used to treat a number of types of cancer.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.drugs.com/monograph/vincristine-sulfate.html )〕 This includes acute lymphocytic leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia, Hodgkin's disease, neuroblastoma, and small cell lung cancer among others. It is given intravenously.〔
Most people experience some side effects from vincristine treatment. Commonly it causes a change in sensation, hair loss, constipation, difficulty walking, and headaches. Serious side effects may include neuropathic pain, lung damage, or low blood white cells. It will likely cause harm to an infant if given during pregnancy. It works by stopping cells from dividing properly.〔
Vincristine was first isolated in 1961. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, the most important medication needed in a basic health system. The wholesale cost is between 1.80 and 42.60 USD per dose.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://erc.msh.org/dmpguide/resultsdetail.cfm?language=english&code=VINC1A&s_year=2014&year=2014&str=1%20mg&desc=Vincristine&pack=new&frm=VIAL&rte=INJ&class_code2=08%2E2%2E&supplement=&class_name=%2808%2E2%2E%29Cytotoxic%20and%20adjuvant%20medicines%3Cbr%3E )〕 It is a vinca alkaloid that can be gotten from the Madagascar periwinkle ''Catharanthus roseus''.〔
==Medical uses==
Vincristine is delivered via intravenous infusion for use in various types of chemotherapy regimens.〔 Its main uses are in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma as part of the chemotherapy regimen CHOP, Hodgkin's lymphoma as part of MOPP, COPP, BEACOPP, or the less popular Stanford V chemotherapy regimen in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), and in treatment for nephroblastoma.〔 It is also used to induce remission in ALL with dexamethasone and L-Asparaginase, and in combination with prednisone to treat childhood leukemia.〔 Vincristine is occasionally used as an immunosuppressant, for example, in treating thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) or chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP).〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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