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witherite
Witherite is a barium carbonate mineral, BaCO3, in the aragonite group.〔 Witherite crystallizes in the orthorhombic system and virtually always is twinned.〔 The mineral is colorless, milky-white, grey, pale-yellow, green, to pale-brown. The specific gravity is 4.3, which is high for a translucent mineral.〔 It fluoresces light blue under both long- and short-wave UV light, and is phosphorescent under short-wave UV light.〔
Witherite forms in low-temperature hydrothermal environments. It is commonly associated with fluorite, celestine, galena, barite, calcite, and aragonite. Witherite occurrences include: Cave-in-Rock, Illinois, USA; Pigeon Roost Mine, Glenwood, Arkansas, USA; Settlingstones Mine Northumberland; Alston Moor, Cumbria; Anglezarke, Lancashire and Burnhope,〔Ashburn, J.H., ''(Mining Witherite in North-West Durham )'', Colliery Guardian, August 1963 (at Durham Mining Museum web-site)〕 County Durham, England; Thunder Bay area, Ontario, Canada, Germany, and Poland (Tarnowskie Góry and Tajno at Suwałki Region).
Witherite was named after William Withering (1741-1799) an English physician and naturalist who in 1784 published his research on the new mineral. He could show that barite and the new mineral were two different minerals.〔
== Discovery ==
In 1789 the eminent German geologist Abraham Gottlob Werner named the mineral witherite in honour of William Withering.〔("William Withering (1741-1799): a biographical sketch of a Birmingham Lunatic." M R Lee, ''James Lind Library'', accessed 25 September 2006 )〕 The Matthew Boulton mineral collection of Birmingham Museum and Art Gallery may contain one of the earliest known specimens of witherite. A label in Boulton's handwriting, records: "No.2 Terra Ponderosa Aerata, given me by Dr. Withering”.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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